牛津高中英语模块4知识点总结

牛津高中英语模块4知识点总结（精选4篇）

牛津高中英语模块4知识点总结篇1

Unit 1 ReadingAdvertisements Nowadays, we can find advertisements almost wherever we go.We are so used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.I did some research on advertisements, and have some very important information to share with you.如今，无论我们走到哪里，几乎都可以看见广告。我们已经对广告习以为常，甚至常常都意识不到在一天中看见或听见多少广告。我对广告进行了一些研究，有一些非常重要的信息要与你分享。

What is an advertisement? 什么是广告? An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or a service, or to believe in an idea.Newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio and television are the most common places to find them.There are two main types of advertisements---commercial advertisements and public service advertisements(PSAs).A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to advertise a product or service.PSAs are often run for free, and are meant to educate people about health, safety, or any other problem that affects public welfare.广告使用文字、图片来说服人们购买一种产品或服务，或者接受某种观念。报纸、杂志、互联网、广播和电视是最常见到广告的地方。广告有两种主要的形式——商业广告和公益广告(简称PSAs)。商业广告是为了推销某种产品或服务而花钱做的广告。公益广告往往是免费投放的，旨在就有关健康、安全或影响到公共福利的任何其他问题教育人们。

Does an advertisement tell people the complete truth? 广告告诉人们全部实情了吗? There are laws toprotect people from advertisements that cheat people.However, we still must be aware of the skilful methods used in ads to try and sell us things.Even if an ad does not lie, it does not mean it is altogether innocent.One toothpaste ad declares, ‘Bright-Teeth fights bad breath!’ This statement tries to fool you into assuming that the toothpaste cures bad breath, yet it does not say that!All it says is that it fights it, and that is not the same thing at all.One grocery tells customers, ‘You are proud of your cooking, so shouldn’t you buy the very freshest food?’ This ad is very clever, because it tells customers they are good cooks.However, it never says that this grocery has the freshest food!The grocery just hopes that when you read the ad, you will feel pleased with the nice comment, remember the words ‘freshest food’, and make a mental connection with the food in the grocery.We must not fall for this kind of trick!

尽管有法律保护人们免受虚假广告的侵害。但是我们仍然应该了解广告中试图向我们兜售东西的常用技巧。即使一则广告没有撒谎，也并不意味着它就是完全“清白”的。

一则牙膏广告宣称

“亮齿牌牙膏挑战口臭!”这一表述试图糊弄你，让你误以为这种牙膏可以治愈口臭，但事实上广告中并没有这样说！广告所说的就是牙膏“挑战”口臭，这和“治愈”根本不是一回事。一家食品杂货店告诉顾客．“您为自己的厨艺骄傲，难首您不应该购买最新鲜的食品吗?”这则广告非常聪明，聪明就聪明在它恭维顾客是好厨师。但是，它决不声称本店供应的是最新鲜的食品。这家食品杂货店只是希望当你读到这则广告时，你会很乐于 1

看到其中的恭维，记住“最新鲜的食品”这个词，在心理上将其与该店里的食品联系起来。我们切莫掉进这类陷阱中。

Public service advertisements 公益广告

Not all ads play tricks on us though.PSAs use some of the same methods, like attractive pictures and clever language, but they are made to serve the public.PSAs aim to teach us and help us lead better lives.Our government understands this and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.China began a nationwide public service advertising campaign in 1996, and since then various types of PSAs have appeared around the country.You have probably seen or heard some of them yourself, such as, ‘Yes to life, no to drugs’ and ‘Knowledge changes life’.These ads deal with widespread social concerns.There are also PSAs that encourage people to support public service projects, such as Project Hope.Its motto is ‘Project Hope---educating every child’.There are even PSAs to teach us how to live healthy lives.One of these is, ‘When you smoke cigarettes, you are slowly killing yourself.’ All of these ads are meant to benefit the public, and you can often learn a lot by following the advice they give.但并非所有的广告都跟我们玩花招。公益广告使用一些同样的方法，例如用吸引人的图片和巧妙的文字，但是它们的目的是服务公众。公益广告旨在教育我们，并帮助我们过上更好的生活。我们的政府了解这一点，多年来一直用公益广告教育人们。中国于1996年开始一场全国性的公益广告宣传活动，从那时起、多种形式的公益广告在中国出现。你自己可能就看到过或听说过其中的一些，例如“珍爱生命，远离毒品”以及“知识改变命运”。这些广告关注普遍存在的社会问题。还有一些公益广告鼓励人们支持公益事业项目，例如希望工程。希望工程的宣言就是：“希望工程——让每一个孩子都可以上学。”甚至还有一些公益广告指导人们如何健康地生活。其中之一是

“吸烟等于慢性自杀。”所有这些广告都旨在使大众受益。遵循这些广告给出的建议，你往往可以学到很多东西。

Finally, I wish to tell you this: think about why you should do the things the ad suggests, or buy the product or service the ad promotes.When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them!

最后，我想告诉大家：想想你为什么要做广告建议你做的事情，或者为什么要买广告推销的产品或服务。谈及广告，我们都必须运用自己的智慧，而不要做广告的奴隶。如何策划广告宣传活动？

不同于一则单独的广告，广告宣传活动是预先策划的系列广告，利用各种广告形式去影响特定的受众。当你要开始一项成功的广告宣传活动时，你的头脑中必须有明确的目标和受众。重要的是，你得确切弄清楚（figure out）想要告诉受众什么、想让他们做什么。在一场广告宣传活动中，你可能需要运用多种不同的媒体（media），包括海报（poster）、报纸、杂志、广播和电视。

你首先必须考虑三个主要问题：

1.谁是你广告宣传活动的受众？

你想影响的人群是你的目标（target）受众。为了确定（determine）目标受众，你需要事先做一点研究和分析（analysis）。你需要去探明受众已有的想法。了解受众非常重要，这样你才可以针对合适的对象给出恰当的信息。

2.你希望你的广告宣传活动说什么？

在确定受众之后，你就该决定你想让他们知道什么或者思考什么了。为了让受众作出预期的 2

反应（react），始终努力去吸引（appeal to）他们是非常重要的。你可以从你的调研中收集此类信息。在策划一场公共福利宣传活动时，你可能需要问自己以下问题：

·我的受众对这个问题已经了解了多少？

·他们会关心或者担忧这个问题的哪些方面？ ·他们感兴趣的这个问题有没有某种历史背景？ ·这个问题如何影响到他们的私人生活？ 3.你如何吸引你的受众？

当你组织一场广告宣传活动时，有许多不同的方式可用来传达讯息。你必须决定你用哪一种方法。这个决定应该主要取决于你的受众目标和哪一种广告最能吸引这群人。

反对吸烟广告宣传活动

每年全球有成千上万人死于吸烟。每一包香烟都含有可以导致肺癌和心脏病的有毒化学物质。这让许多国家花费了大量的金钱，给人的福祉造成了极大的损害。在亚洲有大量的吸烟者。这就是为什么我们选择反对吸烟作为我们广告宣传活动的主题。

我们的目标受众是高中的青少年。我们的主要目的是劝阻年轻人，要他们不要吸烟。我们的研究表明年轻人关注他们的健康和未来。我们将告诉他们吸烟对身体造成不良的后果，以及吸烟如何影响他们身边的人。我们将说明不吸烟额的好处，例如省下钱来花在其他地方。我们的采访还表明年轻人在乎什么是酷以及他们的朋友喜欢什么。我们会告诉他们吸烟为什么不酷，为什么没有吸引力，因为吸烟会让他们身上有难闻的气味，让他们的牙齿腐蚀，皮肤变差、指甲变黄。如果我们可以说服年轻人不要开始吸烟，他们也有可能会督促他们的父母和其他人戒烟。

我们的广告宣传活动将于5月31日世界无烟日开始。我们将在学校周边张贴大幅海报，海报上有我们的标志和口号。我们的网站将为学生提供更多有关吸烟的信息。我们还会在学校杂志上发表一篇文章告诉学生们吸烟的害处，并组织一次作文竞赛。

我们的口号：吸烟导致死亡！

我们的标志：（图片，吸烟的骷髅头）

许多人认为吸烟很酷或者很享受，但是他们没有充分认识到吸烟对健康造成的伤害。这就是为什么我们选择这幅图作为我们的标志。我们希望警醒人们，让他们认识到许多吸烟者过早地死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

Unit 2 Reading

奥林匹克运动会

老师们，同学们，下午好。作为国际奥委会的一名成员，我非常高兴应邀前来贵校，跟大家谈谈奥运会的历史和重要性。我会和你们分享一些有趣的事实和故事，然后会留有提问的时间。

你们知道古代奥运会是何时开始的吗？那是在公元前776年。古代奥运会每4年在古希腊奥林匹亚举行一次，这大概持续了12个世纪，直到公元394年。

古代奥运会的一些运动项目今天仍然可以见到，例如跳远、摔跤和跑步。在古代奥运会上按照传统，运动员都是男性，他们必须裸体竞技。单身女性可以参加他们自己的竞技比赛。比赛在一个专门纪念赫拉（希腊神话中众神之神宙斯的妻子）的节日举行。今天无论国籍，来自世界各地的男女运动员都可以参加比赛。

现代奥运会于1896年在雅典第一次举行。让奥运会得以重生的是法国人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦。他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。现在，全世界人民都致力于实现这一梦想。他们中有许多是著名的运动员。

有史以来第一次引起公众瞩目的最著名的拳击手可能是在1960年罗马奥运会上，这一情

况你们是否知道？他为美国赢得了金牌，当时他还用原名卡修斯·克莱。此后，这个年轻人又赢得了1964年世界重量级拳击锦标赛冠军，后来他改了名，即众所周知的穆罕默德·阿里。他重返1996年的亚特兰大奥运会，在开幕式上点燃了奥运圣火。

另一位我想提到的体育明星是迈克尔·乔丹。每个人都知道他在NBA的成功，但是你们知道他帮助美国篮球队赢得了1984年洛杉矶奥运会的金牌吗？许多年后乔丹也重返奥运会，但与阿里不同，他依然为奖牌角逐赛场。在1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上，乔丹作为“梦之队”成员之一赢得了他的第二枚奥运金牌。

中国运动员也为奥运会做出了重要贡献。在1984年洛杉矶奥运会上，中华人民共和国在缺席奥运32年后又重新返回奥运赛场。我相信当许海峰为祖国赢得第一枚金牌时，整个中国都为之感到自豪。邓亚萍也许是世界上最伟大的女乒乓球运动员，她在1992年和1996年奥运会上共赢得4枚奥运金牌。在2004年雅典奥运会上，当刘翔成为第一个赢得男子110米栏金牌第一位亚洲人的时候，所有的亚洲人都为之激动。

中国在2008年北京奥运会上独领风骚，赢得51枚金牌。中国女子体操队历史上第一次赢得金牌。但是对一些人人来说，印象最深的是前羽毛球世界冠军张宁。她已经33岁，比其他运动员年纪要大很多，但她依然努力，在决赛中获得了金牌。

运动员们不断尝试着挑战人类极限，为全世界人们带来欢乐，上述这些只是其中的一些例子。我们期待在未来看见更多这样的例子。让我们一起祝愿奥林匹克运动有一个成功的未来，彰显往日的荣光。

谢谢！现在有没有人要提问题? Project

一项体育运动如何成为奥运项目？

一项体育运动要成为奥运项目可能是一个漫长的过程。一项运动必须达到许多要求，国际奥委会才会予以考虑。首先，该运动必须有自己的国际组织。其次，必须有至少75个国家，4个大洲的男子从事这项运动，或至少40个国家、3个大洲的女子从事这项运动。这还并非全部要求。要增加一个新的运动项目，就必须淘汰另一个当前的运动项目。这有助于奥委会控制奥运会的预算。

哪些运动项目被淘汰了？

有些运动曾经是奥运会的项目但又被取消了。这包括大家熟悉的运动，如棒球。还有一些比较特殊的项目。如汽艇。人们认为这些运动不再那么流行了，必须为一些更受欢迎的、新的运动项目让路。

哪些运动项目入选了？

有些运动只是最近才得以增补进入奥运会，例如跆拳道在2000你奥运会才首次被列为奥运项目。国际奥委会计划在未来几年内调整一些运动项目。橄榄球和高尔夫曾经是奥运项目，后来被取消，但是2016年这两项运动将重返奥运，因为他们现在非常受欢迎，在世界各地都有人从事这些运动。

哪些运动项目仍在争取？

武术仍然在申请加入奥运会。国际奥委会还没有同意。因为他们要注意不同种类的运动之间的平衡——在奥运会上已经很多项目与搏击相关，如跆拳道和拳击。但是，国际奥委会正在考虑调整未来奥运会体育项目的数目和种类，所以武术迷们将可能梦想成真。

赢并不是全部

足球比赛已经接近尾声，但是两只球队都还没有进球。鹿队的队长把球传给一名队员，然后跑近袋鼠队的球门前。他的队友把球回传给他。但踢得太高了。鹰队队长用手把球拨回地面，然后踢球，球进了。裁判吹响了口哨，比赛结束，鹰队获胜。当然，那个进球本该不算数的，但现在一切都太晚了。

后来，一名记者就所发生的事采访了鹰队队长。

“我们赢了，这是最重要的。”队长说。

袋鼠队被淘汰出局，而鹰队晋级。但是，裁判现在紧盯鹰队，鹰队全力比拼却输了接下来的一场比赛。后来，他们抱怨裁判不公平。

鹰队在联赛上铩羽而归，因未能赢得联赛而愤愤不平。与此同时，袋鼠队也回家了，他们比以前训练得更加刻苦。

在接下来的联赛中，袋鼠队以5比1的比分击败了鹰队。他们一路杀进决赛，对手是熊队，离比赛结束还有几分钟的时间，还是平局。袋鼠队队长靠近熊队大门。一名队员把球传给他，球意外地撞到了他的手。袋鼠队队长示意暂停比赛，让熊队开球。数分钟之内，熊队进球，赢得比赛。

后来，一位记者就所发生的事采访了袋鼠队队长。

“他们赢了，”队长说，“他们是一支更优秀的队伍。”

袋鼠队骄傲地回到家乡，因为他们已经竭尽全力。许多袋鼠队的球员和熊队的球员成了终身好友。袋鼠队虽然失败了，但是找到了比胜利更宝贵的东西——他们找到了友谊，荣誉和尊重。

Unit 3 reading

不仅仅是看电影

RealCine—— 人人都能享受的虚拟现实电影

这次演讲将告诉大家有关RealCine的一些信息：它是如何应用的，为什么它比电影更好，它还有什么其它的用途。感受RealCine将让你惊叹，你一定会认为这是一项卓越的技术，值得进一步发展。

RealCine技术实质上是虚拟现实（VR）。电影仅仅让观众被动地看和听屏幕上发生的事，而RealCine 与电影不同，它让你参与到剧情活动中，以一种主动的方式与你的视觉、听觉、嗅觉和触觉联系起来。想像一下，一名VR使用者在“游览”喜马拉雅山。他/她不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰顶每一步都艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音；到达顶峰时,他/她将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。

RealCine的工作原理是让用户感觉到他们实际上是在一个新世界——一个只存在于电脑程序中的世界。为了达到这一目标，工程师们设计了特殊的VR头戴式耳机，它可以使观众看到环绕在他们周围的三维图像，听到周围的声音。耳机的移动表明观众想去的方向。观众还会戴上特制的手套，这样他/她就可以触摸到他/她看见的人和物体了。给RealCine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。耳机和手套都与虚拟工作室里的电脑联网。

科学研究已经证明VR技术可以用于治疗有社交障碍的人。在一个案例中科学家利用VR技术治疗一位害怕与他的同学交谈和玩耍的少年。在RealCine创造的虚拟世界中，他成为巴西足球队队长，并在世界杯决赛中踢进了致胜的一球。这鼓励了他在与人交往时更加自信。

有人提出不同意见，认为一些用户可能会对RealCine失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是真的。但是，有了VR技术我们可以做许多在现实生活中完全不可能实现的事情。例如，在RealCine的帮助下，一位70岁的老爷爷最近到非洲去旅行了一趟。在现实中，他因为残疾而不能行走，但是，借助VR工作室里的便利设备，他能看见并触摸一头狮子。

除此以外，VR技术还可以用来做安全的环境中训练一些技能，否则这些技能训练可能

相当危险。例如，消费者可以利用RealCine安全地进行训练，而不需要冒着受伤的危险，闯进着火的大楼。VR技术也能被运用在课堂上。老师可以让学生置身于古代的城镇，从而让历史重现；也可以让学生作为鲸鱼或者松鼠来体验世界，用这种方式来进行生物课的教学。

最后，RealCine为城市规划提供了绝望的技术。工程师们可以把某个街区的设计输入电脑，然后利用VR技术在街区中走走，看看这个街区怎么样，并在动工之前作出适当的调整。长远来说，与现在大多数的城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济，更实用。我建议政府在未来的城市规划中运用这种技术。

Project

《地心游记》

儒勒·凡尔纳

1863年，奥托·林登布罗克教授在他新买的一本古书里发现一个秘密。这个秘密叙述了一次从冰岛的一座火山口进入地心的旅行。他立即收拾行李启程去冰岛，还强迫他的侄子阿克塞尔和他同行。

在冰岛，教授雇佣了一名叫汉斯的导游。他们三人到达火山后，通过一个小山洞，开始地下的旅行。许多天之后，他们来到一个巨大的房间，里面是一片浩瀚的海洋。海岸上有森林和巨型蘑菇。头顶上，天空充满像太阳一样放射出光芒的气体。

三个人造了一条小船，开始航行。突然两条恐龙钻出水面，争斗起来。在他们得以逃走之前，小船差点被恐龙掀翻。

他们上了岸，开始森林探险。他们遇到了巨型昆虫很多奇怪的生物。当他们到处转悠时，发现远处有一个人背靠树坐着——那一个人至少4米高。三个人非常害怕，飞奔回船。

他们继续航行，看到一个像出口的地方，但是出口被从洞顶掉下来的石头堵住了。他们制造了一颗炸弹来炸碎石头。炸弹爆炸之后，他们的小船失控了，向前冲进了一个大洞里，并顺着水流而下。这一切发生得太快了，他们根本没有时间逃跑，只能在恐惧中抓紧小船。

最终，他们落到了洞底。然后，水把他们推向高处。他们向上漂流了几英里。水猛烈地冲击着他们的船底，把他们推出洞口，进入阳光中。此刻他们发现自己置身于意大利的一座火山中——他们的探险结束了，但一次新的探险又即将开始。

《时间机器》

H.G.威尔斯

这是我的时间机器。只要你坐在这里。握着这两个白色手柄，就可以到未来或者过去旅行。

我上个星期才完成这台机器，我决定去看看未来。当我拉动一个手柄时，周围的世界开始变得模糊。白天，黑夜飞速交替，一切都在眼前变换。建筑物和城市如闪电般出现又消失。最后，我听到一声巨雷，一切都停止下来。我面前是一座城市，看起来很老很破旧。

我现在是在公元802701年，人类进化成为两个种类，艾洛伊人和莫洛克人。艾洛伊人很小，像孩子一样。他们居住在地面之上，所有的时间都在娱乐。相反，莫洛克人看起来像白色的野兽。他们住在地下，让机器保持运转，这样艾洛克人就会很开心，被喂养的很好。

起初，我以为艾洛克人强迫莫洛克人做所有的工作，这样艾洛伊族就可以玩乐。但是，后来我发现我的印象是错误的: 莫洛克人数真正的主人。他们之所以照顾艾洛伊人，是因为他们靠屠杀和食用艾洛伊人为生。莫洛克人甚至试图抓住并杀掉我，但幸运的是，我可以用时间机器逃跑。

然后，我继续向未来旅行了三千万年。我现在站在海滩上，面前是一片汪洋大海，但是既没有风，也没有浪，似乎几乎没有生命的迹象。我继续向未来穿越，太阳变得越来越大、越来越红、越来越暗，大地变冷，被冰雪覆盖。一切都是静止的——没有任何生命，也没有任何运动。

牛津高中英语模块4知识点总结篇2

一、Teaching goals

1. Target language: new words and sentence structure

2. Ability goals: Enable students to discuss their knowledge about beliefs or religious, famous religious places and festivals related to religion.

3. Learning ability goals: Students are expected to express their opinions.

二、Teaching important and difficult points

Understand and discuss then express the opinions about beliefs or religious

三、Teaching aids

A multimedia.

四、Teaching procedures and ways

Step I Lead-in

Show four pictures to the students to lead in the topic.

Many people in different parts of the world have different beliefs or religious.

Step II Sharing information

Discuss the pictures on Page 49

Picture 1

1. What are they doing?

They are celebrating Christmas.

2. When is it now?

It’s Christmas Eve.

3. What do people eat on Christmas Day?

People will prepare lots of chocolates, nuts and snacks. A roast turkey or goose is usually served for Christmas dinner.

Picture 2

Have you ever read this book? What do you know about it?

● a classic piece of Chinese literature

● a combination of myth, parable and comedy

● a trip to India for Buddhism

●main characters include a Buddhist monk who is also know as the Priest of Tang and his three followers, Monkey King, Pigsy and Friar Sand

How many obstacles do they meet during the journey?

Why do you think they face these obstacles?

● to give the monk and his three followers an insight into their own characters and show that people must offer struggles to succeed

● to symbolize the difficulties and challenges that people meet in the course of doing what they believe in

Picture 3

1. What is a mosque used for?

A mosque is a place for Muslims to worship

2. Do you know any famous mosques in China?

● the Id Kah Mosque in Kashgar, Xinjing. This mosque was built in 1442 and is the largest in China.

● the Great Mosque in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province. It was built in the 18th century with a traditional Chinese architectural style.

Picture 4

● Taoism is one of the major religions in China. It was founded by Lao-tzu in about the 6th century BC. The most important text of Taoism is Tao-te-Ching. In the 5th century AD, Taoism develop as a religious system.

● Taoism believes in ‘wuwei’, which means that everything must follow its course and happen naturally.

● The yinyang of Taoism has greatly influenced Chinese philosophy.

Step III Discuss:

1. Although there are so many beliefs or religions, do you think they have something in common?

● Encourage people to do good

● Have a power to call on people to devote themselves to that religion

● Help people live their lives in a positive way

● Motivate people to be compassionate, kind and loving

2. Can you name any other religious around the world that you have heard of?

Hinduism印度教 Judaism犹太教 Buddhism 佛教 Islam伊斯兰教

3. Do you know any famous religious places?

The Mogao Grottoes (Dunhuang, Gansu )

The White Horse Temple (Luoyang, Henan)

The Vatican (Italy)

Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka)

Mecca (Saudi Arabia)

Mount Wudang (Hubei Province)

4. Do you know any festivals that are associated with these different religions?

Show some pictures to the students to enjoy then discuss.

For Buddhists (Nirvana Day, Buddha’s Day, Bodhi Day)

For Christians (Good Friday, Easter Day, All Saints Day, Christmas Day)

Muslims (Eid, The festival of sacrifice, Forgiveness Day)

Homework:

1. Search and discuss more knowledge about beliefs.

牛津高中英语模块4知识点总结篇3

Period 2 Word power

Teaching aims：

1. To enable the students to talk about the connected organizations of the UN.

2. To enable the students to talk about acronyms.

Teaching difficulties：

1. To help students to understand the language points from page 54~55.

2. To teach students to remember the names of the well-known organizations.

Teaching procedures:

Step1 Lead –in

T: During last periods, we have learnt some basic ideas of the UN and the UN

Goodwill ambassador. And this period we will learn more about the UN.

Before starting our class, I’d like to ask you a question: When you’re ill and

go to the hospital, what is the first thing you will do?

S: To register and know which clinic room is the right one.

T: Yes, that’s it! First you have to know what the problem is, and then find the

correct ways to cure. You can not go straight forward to the hospital and find

a doctor at random and ask for treatment.

T: And that’s the same to the international aid. Today, we’ll learn the connected

organizations of the UN and try to get a further understanding of the proper

organizations to help people around the world. Now, according to what we

have learned before, and the news you’ve heard of from newspaper and the

Internet, talk with your partner: What problems harass the world?

After several minutes.

T: What problems have you found?

S: Famine, wars, flood, natural disasters, poverty and also disease.

Write these down on the blackboard.

T: Correct! And do you know the right organizations in the UN that can help

solve these problems?

S: Not exactly.

T: Well, read Part A in Word power and discuss with your partner to find the right

organizations that can solve the problems you have mentioned above.

Step2 Learning through reading

Show the chart the students have done in the previous period and ask them to add

the new information they’ve learned about.

Problem Cause Organization

peacekeeping war, fighting

Famine Shortage of food

Flooding Typhoon

Irrigation Difficult to farm

disease Lack of doctors, no money, far away from a hospital

No running water or electricity and few schools poverty

Then ask the students to remember the organizations in the chart.

Step3 Practice

T: Well, that’s it. Now tell me whether these organizations are governmental or not?

S: They’re non-governmental.

T: And how many types can these organizations be classified into?

S: Special agencies, World Bank Group and Programs and funds.

T: Correct! You have learned the types of the UN organizations and what these

organizations aim at. Now finish Parts B& C.

Step4 Acronyms

T: Do you think the full names of the organizations are too long so that it’s very

inconvenient to talk about them. Here is a good means to shorten the names.

That is, keep the first letter of each word consisting of the full name. We call the

shortened names acronyms. Here are two examples. Let’s look at Part D.

After talking about this part, say:

T: Now, it’s your turn to work out the following acronyms using the information on

page 54.

Step5 Homework

1. Review the language points in this part.

2. Finish off the exercise paper for this part.

Exercises for students:

一、默写

Chinese Acronyms Full names

非官方组织 NGO

国际劳工组织 ILO

粮农组织 FAO

联合国教科文组织 UNESCO

世界卫生组织 WHO

国际民航组织 ICAO

万国邮政联盟 UPU

世界银行集团

国际货币基金组织 IMF

联合国儿童基金会 UNCEF

联合国环境规划署 UNEP

联合国药品管制计划署 UNDCP

联合国开发计划署 UNDP

联合国妇女发展基金 UNFEM

二、非谓语动词复习训练

1. Seeing so many hands _____, the teacher didn’t know which one to choose to

answer his question. A. raising B. raised C. being raised D. raise

2. The Olympic Games, _____ in 776 BC, didn’t include women players until 1912.

A. was first played B. to be first played

C. first played D. being first played

3. The secretary worked into the night, _____ a long speech for the president.

A. prepared B. was preparing C. to prepare D. with preparing

4. I can hardly imagine Peter _____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five years.

A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed

5. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

-Sorry, with so much work _____ my mind, I almost break down.

A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. having filled

6. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _____ the

world record in the 110-meter hurdle race last year.

A. to break B. to have broken C. breaking D. having broken

牛津高中英语模块4知识点总结篇4

1. 仅次于second only to 2. 迷人的自然风光 fantastic natural scenery

3. 喜欢be fond of 4. 绝大多数the vast majority of

5. 对…感到兴奋的be thrilled by 7. 除了…in addition to

8. 是…的家园be home to 9. 由…组成consist of

10. 寻求财富seek their fortunes 11. 少数人a handful of people

12. 与…是绝配go perfectly with 13. 迎合各种需要 cater to every need

14. 由于大量移民due to the large amount of immigration

15. 由于自然环境owing to the natural environment

16. 除了登山apart from mountain climbing

17. 危及安全compromise safety 18. 对…有偏好have a preference for

19. 对…毫无疑问have no reservations about doing sth. 20. 对…尊重show respect for

II 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 海洋和河流里有大量的鱼类。

Fish are abundant in the seas and rivers.

2. 加拿大国家电视塔坐落于多伦多市中心，通常简称为CN塔。

Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for short.

3. 蒙特利尔是世界上第二大法语城市，巴黎是第一大法语城市。

Montreal is the second largest French-speaking city in the world, Paris being the largest.

4. 蒙特利尔夜生活丰富多彩，有许多饭店和俱乐部，还有文化性的和街头性的节庆活动，绝对不会让任何游客感到厌倦。

Montreal has colorful nightlife, with many restaurants and clubs, as well as cultural and street festivals to ensure that no visitor is ever bored.

5．温哥华市面积更小但同样名闻遐迩。

Smaller in size, but equally famous, is the city of Vancouver.

6. 有许多博物馆展示那时的生活情况。

There are many museums showing what life was like back then.

7. 国旗上有一片枫叶作标志。

A maple leaf is featured on the Canadian flag.

8如果你指望不同的国家有着你所习惯的同样的风俗和食物，那么你一定会失望。

If you expect different countries to have the same customs and food as what you are accustomed to, then you are bound to be disappointed.

8. 你需要将旧思想和偏见放一边，在期望方面灵活一点，因为发现不寻常和意料之外才是旅游的回报。

You need to put aside your old ideas and prejudices and learn to be more flexible in your expectations because finding the unusual and unexpected is the reward of travel.

M9 U1 （Task- Project）

I 根据中文写短语

1. 填写文字材料fill out paperwork 2. 将…与…相联系associate… with..

3. 现场看比赛 watch sports live 4. 转向运动 turn to sport

5. 优缺点 strengths and weaknesses 6. 对运动的奉献one’s devotion to sport

7. 满足于…be content to do sth / with sth 8. 最棒的是best of all

9. 装备有照明设施be equipped with lighting facilities 10. 玩到深夜 play late into the night

11. 参加participate in 12. 是…的缩写形式be short for

13. 区别A和B distinguish A from B / between A and B

14. 导致严重的伤害lead to serious injuries 15. 起源于be originally from

16. 尤其in particular 17. 值得表扬be worthy of praise

18. 总共in total 19.很高比例 a great percentage of

II 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 占据纽约市中心，这儿的人行道充满生机，灯光闪烁。

Occupying the heart of New York City, the sidewalks here are full of life and bright lights.

2. 由于911以后的安全考虑，游客不再被允许攀爬。

Due to security concerns after 9/11, visitors are no longer permitted to climb them.

3. 这条两旁都是剧院的街道是戏剧和音乐剧成为举世闻名的地方。

The theatre-lined street is where plays and musicals become international hits.

4. 一手拿饮料，一手捧快餐，坐在电视机前看体育赛事，这在澳大利亚非常普遍。

Sitting in front of the television watching a sporting event, with a drink in one hand and some fast food in the other, is very common in Australia.

5. 许多人对体育运动的热爱归功于适合体育运动的完美的气候条件。

Many people owe their love of sport to the perfect weather conditions for it.

6. 耐心是欣赏这项运动的准则。

Patience is the critrioen to enjoy the game.

7. 考虑到相对较小的人口数，它在奥运会上的出色表现真正令人惊讶。

Considering, its relatively small population, its outstanding, performance in the Olympic Games was really amazing .

8. 虽然很大一部分澳大利亚人观看体育比赛，而不直接参与，但大多数人是关注体育的，因此它的确是个体育大国。

While a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them, as far as most of its population is concerned, it is indeed a great sporting nation!

M9 U2 （Reading - Grammar）

I 根据中文写短语

1.对有重大影响 have a great impact on …

2.在不同的领域取得进展 make advances in various fields

3.被转移到… be transferred to

4.被晒黑 get sunburnt

5.为…..做准备 in preparation for…

6.为保存历史 in a gesture to help preserve history

7.进行重要的教育工作 undertake important educational work

8.被认为是一个独立的国家 be recognized as an independent country

9.需要密切注意 require urgent attention

10.导致对…..破坏 result in damage to …

11.夺取对……控制 seize control of …

12.任命一个特别委员会 appoint a special committee

13.在某人的议事日程上be high on one’s agenda

14.基于这共识 be based on the consensus

II 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 它被建在那儿便于所有人去参观。

It was built there so that it was convenient for everyone to get to.

2. 它部分受损于自然威力（如地震），部分受损于人为因素，然而所有破坏中最大的是由后者造成的。

It has been damaged partly by natural forces like earthquakes and partly by man, although the greatest destruction of all has been caused by the latter.

3.事实上，修复工作非常糟糕，一些建筑比修复前更步稳定。

In fact , the restoration was so bad that it made some of the buildings less secure than they had been before .

4.希腊政府于1975年成立了一个委员会来负责卫城全面，专业的修复。

The Greek government established a committee in 1975 to undertake the complete , professional restoration of the Acropolis.

5.此后，遗址修复工作取得了很大进展，尤其是为准备雅典奥运会做了大量工作。

After that, much progress was made in reconstructing the monument, particularly with the large amount of work in preparation for the Athens Olympic Games.

6.该委员会非常有序的继续工作，希望让卫城重现昔日辉煌。

The committee is continuing its work in a very organized way and hopes to bring the Acropolis back to its former glory.

7.他们认为，有些人不知道如何保护遗址或不注意保护遗址，对由此导致的毁坏加以预防意义重大。

They believe that the prevention of damage from ignorance and from people not caring about protecting the monument is very important.

8.我非常幸运能呆在那儿两个星期。I was fortunate enough to stay there for a fortnight.

M9 U2 （Task- Project）

I 根据中文写短语

1.因某事谴责某人 accuse sb. of doing sth. 2.对某人不忠 be unfaithful to

3.因叛国罪被起诉 be charged with the crime of betraying one’s country

4.宣判某人死刑 sentence sb. to death 5.允许某人做某事 give sb. permission to do sth.

6.按时完成meet the deadline 7.在最近几十年里 in recent decades

8.向……启航 set sail to 9.去某处旅行 make a trip to

10.取消死刑cancel death sentence 11. 处在……保护下 under the protection of …

12.对……开放be open to 13.状况良好(be )in good condition

14.就……方面 in terms of 15.在……方面投资钱 invest money in…

16.主要部分，必要部分 part and parcel 17.上溯至…… date (back ) from

18.与……相等be equal to 19. 以保障死后生活as insurance for the afterlife

II 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 在最后一刻他的死刑被驳回。

His death sentence was withdrawn at the last minute.

2. 与中国其他皇陵一样，长陵是仿照宫殿建造的，是由院落组成的建筑群。

It was built , like other Chinese imperial tombs, to resemble a palace, containing a complex of buildings and courtyard.

3.西陵位于北京市以西100公里处的河北省易县。

Xiling sits about 100 kilometres to the west of Beijing in Yixian.

4.其他一些陵寝修复工作如期竣工。

The deadlines for completing restoration of some other tombs have already been met.

5.今天我们有责任来珍惜和保护这些中国人民的历史遗迹。

It is now our responsibility to treasure and protect these monuments of the Chinese people.

6. 葬在那里的是五位皇帝，其嫔妃及其他皇室成员。

Buried there are the remains of five emperors, their wives and other royal family members.

7. 陵恩殿位于长陵的第二进院落内，为长陵更添宏伟与壮丽。

Adding to the impressiveness and beauty of Changling is the Ling’en Palace, which is located in the second courtyard.

高三英语复习M9 U3 （Reading - Grammar）

I 根据中文写短语

1. 饿死die of starvation 2. 使某人摆脱某物 rid sb of sth.

3. 决定做某事 elect to do sth. 4. 用A代替B substitute B with A

5. 对…不满意be unhappy with 6. 对…直言不讳 be outspoken about

7. 容忍没有发言权tolerate not having a say 8. 与…分离. split from

9. 提醒某人某事 remind sb of sth. 10. 与…有联系 have a link with / relate to

11. 纯洁的象征 a symbol of purity 12. 相似和不同the similarities and differences

13. 没得到回报get nothing in return 14. 屈从于这种地位resign oneself to this status

15. 在与…分离以后after separation from 16. 追溯到 date back to / date from

II 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 这些旗帜不仅仅是缝在一起的彩色的布和线。

These flags are more than just colorful pieces of cloth and thread sewn together.

2. 法国大革命的结束给整个法国带来了根本性的变化。

The conclusion of the French Revolution led to fundamental changes throughout the country.

3. 红色、白色和蓝色是大革命座右铭的形象提示。

The colors red, white and blue are a visual reminder of the motto of the French Revolution.

4. 蓝色代表自由，而白色代表和平和诚实。

Blue stands for liberty, while white represents peace and honesty.

5. 法国大革命成功消除了社会不平等，这对许多其他国家影响甚巨，尤其是欧洲国家。

The French Revolution was successful in ridding society of inequality, which had a great effect on many other countries, particularly those in Europe.

6. （美国）国旗上有50颗星，每颗星代表一个州。

There are fifty stars on the flag, one for each state. （独立主格结构）

7. 这面国旗简单之极，以13世纪的国旗为基础。

The flag, which couldn’t be further simplified, is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century.

8. 同样的颜色在不同的文化可能对应不同的含义。

The same color can correspond to different meanings in different cultures.

高三英语复习M9 U13 （Grammar - Project）

I 根据中文写短语

1. 开始时at the beginning 2. 对…忠诚 be loyal to

3. 将某人处死 put sb to death 4. 与…结合 in combination with

5. 与…相联系be associated with 6. 由于这个原因 for this reason

7. 而且，此外 in addition 8. 几十年前 decades ago

9. 作为…的标志 as a sign of 10. 从负面意义上看 on a negative side

11. 在一些情况下 in some cases 12. 做某事不合适 It’s inappropriate to do sth. 13. 对…武断 be arbitrary about

14. 作一个关于…的声明 make a statement about

II 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 这是一个丰富的盛事，一个已经成为庆祝国王或王后生日的风俗的盛事。

It is a very colorful event, one that has become an institution for celebrating the King or Queen’s birthday since 1805.

2. 京剧的角色要求表演者绘脸谱来帮助展示人物性格的广度和深度。

Beijing opera roles require performers to paint their faces to help display the dimensions and depth of the character’s personality.

3. 白色强调人性中恶的一面。

White highlights all that is bad in human nature.

4. 虽然通常来说人类喜欢色彩，但我们对色彩的选择却未必随意。

While it is generally true to say that humans like color, out choices are not necessarily random.

5. 同样的颜色可能在一中文化中是褒义，而在另一种文化中是贬义。

The same color can have a positive meaning in one culture, while in another, a negative meaning.

6. 因此下次你选择衣服时，可不能随便乱选。

Therefore, the next time you choose an outfit, you should not be arbitrary about what you pick.

7. 否则，你可能会无意中表达了你不想表达的意思。

Otherwise, you might make an unconscious statement about yourself that you do not want to make.

高三英语复习M9 U4 （Reading - Grammar）

I 根据中文写短语

1. 有不同的信仰和宗教 have different beliefs and religions

2. 换句话说 in other words 3. 除了其它事情 among other things

4. 被翻译成 be translated into 5. 一下子 in one swift move

6. 与…有模糊或松散的联系 have a vague or loose connection to sth

7. 过奢侈的生活lead a life of luxury 8. 改过自新mend one’s ways

9. 为了纪念他的归来in honor of his return 10. 例如for instance

11.与食物有关的东西 things related to food 12. 被当作…be referred to as

13. 在英语口语和书面语中in oral and written English

14. 提高你的理解力improve your comprehension 15. 不久by and by

16. 提高和增强你的语言技巧polish up and sharpen your language skills

17. 随着时间而改变change over time 18. 向某人咨询…consult sb about sth

19. 承担苦难和负担bear great suffering and burdens

II.习语和释义

1. 设宴款待 kill the fatted calf = have a large celebration

2. 致命的缺陷feet of clay = hidden weaknesses in great figures

3. 小鸟说a little bird told me = not knowing who gave the information

4. 掌上明珠the apple of one’s parents’ eyes = loved by their parents

5. 诚实而优秀的普通人the salt of the earth = a good and honest person

III 根据中文将句子补充完整

1. 除非你意识到习语的使用，否则你很容易误解所读到的或听到的内容。

Unless you recognize when an idiom is being used, you can easily misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.

2. 那些为人敬重的人物也有着不为人所知的弱点。

There is a hidden weakness in somebody whom we admire or respect.

3. 通过学习足够数量的习语，你可以培养高水平的交际技巧。

By learning enough important idioms, you can develop a high level of competence in your communication skills.

4. 当你透彻了解英语习语及其起源，你可以更好地理解和欣赏英语国家的历史和文化。

When you have a thorough understanding of English idioms and their origins, you can better understand and appreciate the history and cultures of English-speaking countries.

高三英语复习M9 U4 （Grammar - Project）

I 根据中文写短语

1. 使…成为… make …into… 2. 以某人来命名 name sb/sth after sb

3. 基于…之上 be based on 4. 无意中听到某人说 overhear sb saying sth

5. 在漆黑的夜晚 in the darkness of night 6. 帮助他人 give aid to others

7. 被画有be pictured with 8. 直到今天 to this day

9. 梦到某人做某事dream of sb doing sth 10. 释梦 interpret one’s dream

11. 吩咐某人做某事 instruct sb to do sth 12. 代表他 on his behalf

13. 带着他们为数不多的物品 carry their few possessions

14. 在他们抵达时 at the time of their arrival 15. 在改名时in renaming the temple

16. 建筑形式多样 be varied in its architecture

17. 以…为中心或主题; centre (sth) on/upon/round sb/sth