中考英语形容词和副词

2024-11-27 版权声明 我要投稿

中考英语形容词和副词(精选7篇)

中考英语形容词和副词 篇1

一、形容词

1、形容词概述

形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。大部分形容词直接说明事物的性质或特征,有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的,beautiful美丽的。有的形容词只能作表语,没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。例如:afraid害怕的,asleep睡着的。

2、形容词的用法

1)作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前面。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为词尾的词语即复合不定代词时,要放在这些词之后。

例如:What an interesting movie it is! 多有趣的一部电影啊!

There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.今天的报纸没有什么有趣的内容。

2)作表语放在系动词后面。

例如:The food smells delicious. 食物闻起来很香。

3)位于宾语后做宾语补足语。

例如:You must keep your classroom clean and tidy.你们必须保持教室干净整洁。

4)少数形容词只能作表语,如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, well(健康的),ill,sorry,glad,sure,pleased等。

例如:He is alone in the classroom.他独自在教室。

She has been asleep for three hours.她睡了三个小时了。

5)某些形容词之前加上冠词the表示一类人,如 the rich, the poor, the young, the old, the deaf, the blind, the living, the dead, the hungry等。

例如:The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。

The young should be polite to the old.年轻人对老年人应该有礼貌。

二、副词

1、副词概述

副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,其他副词或句子。

2、副词的分类和用法

1) 时间副词:如now,today,yesterday,soon等,在句子中担任时间状语,是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。

例如:There is going to be a class meeting tomorrow.明天将有一个班会。

They visited the aquarium yesterday. 他们昨天参观了水族馆。

2) 频度副词:如sometimes,often, always, usually等,在句子中担任时间状语,是决定动词时态的主要依据之一。

例如:They have never seen each other before.他们以前从未见过面。

What do you usually do on weekends?你们周末通常做什么?

3) 地点副词:如here, there, home, somewhere, anywhere,outside等,在句子中担任地点状语。

例如:I have looked for my pen everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere.我到处找了我的钢笔,但哪儿都没看见。

4) 方式副词:如slowly, quickly, fast, luckily, easily等,在句子中担任方式状语。这类副词大都由“形容词+ly”构成。

例如:Please speak more slowly so that we can hear you clearly.请慢点说以便我们能够听清楚你说的内容。

5) 程度副词:如very, quite, rather, too, much, so等,在句子中修饰形容词或其他副词,作状语。

例如:It’s much too hot in Changsha these days.这些天长沙太热了。

The little boy can play the guitar very well.这小男孩吉他弹得非常好。

6) 疑问副词:如when, where, why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far,how old等,放在句首构成特殊疑问句。

例如:How soon will your father be back home? 你爸过多久回到家?

How often do you go to the movie? 你们隔多久看一次电影?

7) 关系副词:如when, where, why, how等,用来引导相关从句。

例如:What were you doing when the UFO landed? UFO着陆时你在干什么?

I ‘d like to go somewhere where people are friendly. 我想去人们友好的地方。

3、副词的位置

总的来说,很多副词的位置比较灵活,在句子开头、中间、结尾都可以。但是请注意下面几点:

1)频度副词作状语时放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。

例如:He is never late for school.他上学从不迟到。

He usually goes to see his grandparents on Saturday. 他通常周六去看望爷爷奶奶。

2)enough修饰形容词或副词时要放在被修饰词的后面。

例如:The little boy isn’t old enough to go to school. 小男孩没到上学的年龄。

He ran fast enough to catch the thief. 他跑得够快,抓住了小偷。

三、形容词和副词的比较等级

1、形容词和副词比较等级的构成

绝大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级(原形)、比较级和最高级,他们的构成规则大致相同。列表如下:

表一:规则变化

构成方法

 

原级

 

比较级

 

最高级

 

单音节

词和少

数双音

节词

 

一般直接在词尾加-er,-est

 

tall

short

 

taller

shorter

 

tallest

shortest

 

以不发音的e结尾的加-er,-st

 

nice

large

 

nicer

larger

 

nicest

largest

 

以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i,再加-er,-est

 

heavy

early

 

heavier

earlier

 

heaviest

earliest

 

以重读闭音节结尾、且词尾只有一个辅音字母的,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er,-est

 

thin

big

 

thinner

bigger

 

thinnest

biggest

 

多音节词和部分双音节词(尤其是带词缀的双音节词)

 

在原级前加more,most

 

interesting

important

quickly

 

more interesting

more important

more quickly

 

most interesting

most important

most quickly

 

原级

 

比较级

 

最高级

 

good, well

 

better

 

best

 

many, much

 

more

 

most

 

bad,ill, badly

 

worse

 

worst

 

little

 

less

 

least

 

far

 

farther较远(字面意义)

further进一步(引申意义)

 

farthest最远(字面意义)

furthest最大限度(引申意义)

 

old

 

older年纪较大的(用于比较级)

elder较年长的(只用作定语)

 

oldest年纪最大的(用于最高级)

eldest最年长的(只用作定语)

 

2、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法

1)两者之间进行比较用比较级。其常见句子结构为:A +谓语动词+比较级+than+B。

例如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。

Lily has more friends than I. 莉莉比我朋友多。

Tom runs faster than Jim. 汤姆比吉姆跑得快。

注:可以用程度副词a little, a lot, a bit, much, even, still, far等修饰比较级,表示比较的程度差异。

例如:It is much hotter in Changsha than that in Beijing in summer.长沙的夏天比北京的夏天热得多。

He studies English a lot harder than the other students in his class.他学英语比班上其他同学努力得多。

2)在三者或三者以上的人或物之间进行比较时用最高级,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前the可加可不加,句子中常有in或of短语来表示比较的范围。其常见句子结构为:A+谓语动词+the+最高级+比较范围。

例如:Changjiang is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。

Rruce runs fastest of the three. 布鲁斯是三个人中跑得最快的。

3)表示A和B在某一方面相同或不及时用同级比较。其常见句型为:A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B。其否定结构为:A+谓语动词(not)+as/so+原级+as+B。

例如:English is as important as Chinese.英语和语文一样重要。

Math is not as interesting as History. 数学不如历史有趣味。

He speaks English as well as Chinese. 他英语和汉语说得一样好。

She doesn’t do her homework as carefully as her brother.她做作业不如她哥哥细心。

4)选择疑问句比较级和最高级的句型分别为:“疑问词+谓语动词+比较级,A or B?”和“疑问词+谓语动词+最高级,A,B or C?”

例如:Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?太阳或地球,哪个更大?

Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon? 太阳、地球或月亮,哪个最大?

Who plays soccer better, David or Martin?戴维或马丁,谁足球踢得更好?

Who plays soccer best, David, Martin or Bill?戴维、马丁或比尔,谁足球踢得最好?

5)表示“越……就越……”时,其句型为“the +比较级,the+比较级”。

例如:The more trees, the better. 树木越多越好。

The harder you study, the better grades you will get. 学习越努力,成绩就越好。

6)表示“越来越……”时,用比较级的叠加形式,即:比较级+ and+比较级。

例如:It’s getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了。

中考英语形容词和副词 篇2

英语句子的修饰语主要是由形容词和副词来充当。形容词和副词的基本用法在一般语法书上均有涉及, 已为大家熟知。在大多数情况下, 两者之间有着明显的不同, 但由于有些形容词有时和副词在形式上没有区别, 并且在句子中的作用又相同, 即都作修饰语, 所以很容易混淆, 比如:有时形式上象副词, 实际上是形容词;有时同一副词却有两种不同形式等等。能否弄清这两类词的词性及它们的语法功能, 将直接影响着我们对英文句子内容的正确理解和表达。本文就此谈谈形容词和副词这两种修饰词的常见异同形式及用法上的区别。

一、从构词、词形, 词义及词性来比较

(1) 一些词尾为—ly的词形式上象副词, 实际上是形容词。我们熟知加上—ly后缀所构成的词一般是副词, 为此人们习惯地把—ly词尾看成是副词的标志, 错误地认为凡是词尾有—ly后缀的就是副词, 其实不然, 请看下列例词:

(A) beaufifully, haapily, entirly, totally.

(B) brotherly, commradely, deadly, earthly.

这两组例词的构词形式相同, 都是用了加—ly后缀的构词法, 虽然所构成的新词形式相同, 词性却不同。A组的词是副词, B组的则是形容词。去掉后缀—ly, 我们可以看到它们之间的不同。副词一般是由形容词加—ly构成, 形容词多数是由名词加—ly构成。类似的以—ly结尾的形容词很多, 如worldly, homely, nightly, orderly, lovely, etc.因此我们在使用时一定要注意它们之间的区别, 切不可想当然, 以词形定词性, 一见—ly结尾的词就认定是副词。请看下列典型错例:She sang lovely.He spoketo me very friendly.

在这两个例句中, 都错把—ly词尾的词用作了副词, 这两句中的lovely和friendly都是由名词加了—ly后缀构成的形容词, 因此它们只能修饰名词, 上例应改为:She sang lovely songs.He spoke to me in a friendly way.

(2) 另外还有一部分以—ly结尾的形容词, 它们在句子中也可用作副词。请看例句:

A

(1) We had an early breakfast.

(2) His brother has a kindly face.

(3) Her deadly appearance wad due to long illness.

B

(1) We had breakfast early.

(2) We were kindly treated in his hometown.

(3) I was deadly sleepy.

A组例句中的划线词都是形容词, 分别修饰名词breakfast, face, appearance。

B组中的划线词是副词, 分别修饰句中的动词或全句。类似这样以—ly结尾具有两种词性的词还有一些表示时间的词, 例如:daily, quarterly, weekly, monthly, yearly, etc

(3) 有相当一部分副词兼有两种词形, 其中一种是和形容词同形, 另一种则是由该形容词加词尾—ly构成的, 比如:wide—widely, close—closely, fair—fairly这两种不同形式的词虽然都可用作副词, 但它们在句子中的作用.位置、词义等方面是有区别的。下面我们分辨一下, (A) 有一部分两种形式不同的副词在词义上无多大区别请看下列例句:

A

(1) She shut her lips tight.

(2) You have done it wrong again.

(3) My watch often goes slow.

B

She caught his hand and held it tightly.

Stan wrongly accused Peter of the theft

The hours pass slowly when you can not sleep.

通过上面的例句可以看出, 每组例句中划线的两个词都是副词, 它们之间词性相同, 词义相近, 但所修饰的范围却不相同。A组中中形容词形的副词在句子中的作用更接近于做表语或补语, 有时也可以用于一些口头习惯语中, 这种副词在句中的位置通常是在动词之后, 而B组中加词尾ly构成的副词在句中的作用更接近于方式或程度状语, 其位置可以在动词之前或在动词之后。 (B) 另一部分兼有两种形式的副词, 在词义上两者之间就存在着明显的差异。例如:high (高高地) highly (高度地) most (最) mostly (大多数) 下面请看例句比较:

(1) You can speak freely in front of your teacher.在老师面前你可以随便说。

(2) You can eat free in that canteen.你可以在那个餐厅免费用餐。

对后面这部分兼有不同词义的两种形式的副词我们不仅要注意, 它们在用法和位置上的不同, 更要牢记两个副词意思上的区别。

值得注意的是有少数形容词加了词尾_ly以后构成的新词并不是副词, 却仍然作形容词, 例如:good (好的) goodly (相当大的) sick (有病的) sickly (多病的) , 这一类成对的形容词通常在词义上不同。即使两者在词义上相接近, 在用法上也是有区别的。其中有—ly词尾的形容词多表示一种“习惯性”的趋向, 请看例句比较:

He has been sick for three weeks.他病了三个星期了。

The sickly child missed many days of school.这个多病的孩子误了许多天的课。

从以上例句不不看出 (1) 加ly后缀的词并不全是副词, 有相当一部分是形容词。 (2) 有些以ly结尾的形容词也可用作副词。 (3) 还有少数形容词加ly后又构成了形容词。 (4) 一部分副词兼有两种形式。总之, 以ly收尾的词可兼有两种词性。以ly结尾的形容词在英语中是一个较为特殊的语言现象。了解和掌握好这一语言形象, 对我们学习和使用英语是大有益处的。

(4) 除以ly结尾的词以外, 还有很多同形的形容词和副词, 请看例句:

(1) The teacher drew a straight line.

(2) The room has a low ceilings.

B (1) You must go straight to bed.

(2) Please speak low in a hospital.

例句中每组的划线词虽然词形、读音相同, 词义也相近, 但有着绝对的不同之处, A组的划线词是形容词, 它们在句子中修饰限定的是名词, 起定语作用, B组中的划线词是副词, 它们在句子中修饰的是动词, 起状语作用。

综上所述, 形容词和副词在构词形式上, 词形上, 词义及在句子中的用法等方面存在着错综复杂的关系, 为此我们在阅读和写作时切不可望文生义, 一定要理清它们所修饰的关系, 要注意这两种修饰词之间的共性和特殊性。

二、从语法功能及在句子中的位置来区别形容词和副词的异同

有一定英语基础知识的人都清楚地知道, 形容词在句子中是名词和代词的修饰语, 主要起定语表语和补语的作用, 副词在句子里是动词, 形容词及全句的修饰语, 主要起状语的作用。由于受这条语法概念的影响, 使我们在阅读时对一些特殊语法现象不得其解, 在写作时该用什么词举棋不定。事实上, 语法规则并不是绝对的, 在实际语言应用中, 形容词和副词在用法上有许多相同的功能, 下面我们从三个方面来比较:

(1) 修饰限定名词或代词, 用于描述人或事物的性质和特征, 在句子中起定语的并不只有形容词, 副词也有这一语法功能, 请看例句:

A

(1) He is a model worker now.

(2) China is a socialist country.

(3) There is nothing new in that book.

B

(1) They held a meeting in the room above.

(2) He went on watching the road ahead.

(3) Life here is full of joy.

A组和B组的划线线在句子里都是修饰名词的, 起定语作用, 但不同的是A组中的划线词是形容词, 起定语作用, 而B组中的划线词却是副词, 但也是用来修饰名词起定语作用, 两者同作定语时的区别在于 (1) 副词虽然可以作定语, 但仅限于一些表示位置和时间的副词, (2) 从例句中修饰词的位置来看, 副词作定语问题位于所修饰的名词之后, 而形容词作定语通常位于所修饰名词之前, 但A组中例 (3) 的形容词也可用后置定语, 不过形容词做后置定语只用于以下三种情况: (A) 当所修饰的词是以—body, —one, —thing, —where结尾的名词时, 修饰词要位于这些名词之后。 (B) 还有一些作后置定语的形容词, 它们在句子实质上相当于一个缩略的定语从句中的表语。请看例句:Themen present were famous scientists.→The men who were present were famous scientists.

(2) 在句子中用于表明主语或宾语是什么或象什么作表语或宾补的除形容词外, 也有副词。请看例句: (1) He seems nothappy (adj.) .The moon will soon be out (adv) . (2) He made his friend happy (ad) .I went out to the airport to see my teacher off (adv) .

(3) 副词的语法功能主要是修饰动词, 做状语, 但要指出的是与某些动词同用的不仅是副词也有形容词。请看例句:

(1) You brother certainly grew rapidly (adv) , he was very small the last time I saw him.

(2) The problem appeared impossible (ad) .

例 (1) 中的rapidly是adv.例 (2) 中的impossible是ad.那么动词后应该用形容词还是副词的区别在于 (1) 当我们描述的是句子的主语时, 应该用形容词, 如果描述的是句子的动词就应用副词。 (2) 能够用be, become seem to be代替原句中的谓语动词, 取代后原句意不变的, 其动词可以与形容词连用, 反之则用副词。

中考英语形容词、副词考点归纳 篇3

一、考查形容词的语法功能及位置

1. (2008襄樊市) Sanya is a city near the sea. It’s famous for its

_______(love) beaches.

2. (2008襄樊市) She likes doing chores at home. She is always

_______(help) to her mother.

3. (2008威海市) —Mum,the Chinese medicine tastes_______ .

—But,dear,it is good for your health.

A. good B. well C. terrible D. terribly

4. (2008包头市) Michael Jordan and Yao Ming are both_______ NBA players. But I prefer Yao Ming though Jordan became famous_______ than him.

A. successful,early B. successfully,earlier

C. successful,earlier D. successful,more early

5. (2008乐山市) When shopping,keep your eyes_______ for those energy-saving machine.

A. opened B. open C. to open

6. (2008泉州市) —Is there_______ in today’s newspaper?

—Yes. It’s raining heavily in the south of China.

A. anything new B. new something

C. new anything

7. (2008哈尔滨市) Believe yourself. You’re better than_______ . You’re the best. Wish you success!

A. anyone else B. someone else

C. else anyone

[答案与简析]

1. lovely。 lovely是形容词,在句中用作定语,修饰beaches。

2. helpful。 helpul是形容词,在句中用作表语。

3. C。 taste在此用作系动词,意为“尝起来”,后接形容词作表语,据此可排除D项。 well作形容词用时,意为“身体健康的”,与句意不符。答语中用了But,说明上下文在语义上的转折。常言道,良药苦口利于病。据此,我们可推测,此药味道不好。

4. C。 第一空应该用形容词作定语,修饰名词player,这样就可排除B项。 than前面的第二空应填比较级,early的比较级形式为earlier。 这样又可排除A、D两项。

5. B。 “keep + sb/sth + 形容词”意为“使某人/某物……”,open是形容词,在此用作宾语补足语。

6. A。 形容词用来修饰something,anything,nothing,someone,anyone等不定代词或somewhere,anywhere等副词作定语时,应放在它们的后面,由此可排除B和C两项。

7. A。 else用来修饰复合不定代词时应位于其后,据此可排除C项。 根据You’re the best,我们可以确定正确答案为A。

二、考查副词的语法功能及位置

1. (2008哈尔滨市) Please read every sentence_______ . The more_______ you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.

A. carefully;carefully B. careful;careful

C. carefully;careful

2. (2008恩施市) Don’t worry. He is_______ to look after little Betty.

A. carefully enough B. enough careful

C. careful enough D. enough carefully

3. (2008河南省) —Ms Lin is very popular among the students.

—Yes. Her classes are_______ lively and interesting.

A. always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never

4. (2008扬州市) His father was looking_______ at him because he had made a serious mistake. (angry)

[答案与简析]

1. C。 read为行为动词应用副词修饰,不能用形容词修饰,这样可排除B。 根据第二空后的you are,我们确定该空应填形容词作表语。

2. C。 enough用来修饰形容词或其他副词时,应放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后,这样可排除B和D两项。再根据空格前的系动词is,我们可以确定此空应填形容词作表语。

3. A。 由“Ms Lin is very popular among the students”一句,我们可知她的课“总是”生动有趣。

4. angrily。 此题易误填angry,因为考生把look看成系动词了。其实,这里的look是实义动词,和at构成短语动词,所以其修饰语应为副词。

三、考查比较级和最高级的用法

1. (2008北京市) I think real cards are_______ than e-cards.

A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest

2. (2008汕头市) It takes more time to go there by ship than by bus. It’s_______ by train of the three.

A. faster B. the fastest

C. fast D. much fast

3. (2008湖州市) —I hope the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games will be_______ of all.

—Me,too. It sure will be!

A. exciting B. better

C. more important D. the most successful

4. (2008广州市) Though the player is over thirty,he can still run_______ some younger players.

A. as fast as B. so fast as

C. much fast than D. more faster than

5. (2008宿迁市) Helen learns to dance three times a week. Now she dances_______ Anita does.

A. so good as B. as well as

C. as good as D. so well as

6. (2008海南省) —I think math is_______ English.

—I don’t think so. I think English is more difficult.

A. as useful as B. as important as

C. as difficult as

7. (2008乌兰察布市) English is one of_______ subjects in our school.

A. more important B. the most important

C. important D. importantest

[答案与简析]

1. B。 依照惯用法,than前面应填比较级nicer,不应填最高级the nicest。

2. B。 由of the three我们确定该空应填最高级形式the fastest。

3. D。 由of all我们确定该空白处应填最高级形式,故答案为D。

4. A。 B项应用在否定句中,不能用在肯定句中。 D项中的more faster不是正确的比较级形式。 C项中的much fast也不是正确的比较级形式。

5. B。 修饰动词dances要用副词,可排除A和C两项。 as ... as用于肯定句,not so/as ... as用于否定句,此句是肯定句,所以空白处只能填as well as。

6. C。 由答句我们可知说话人的意思为“我认为数学和英语一样难”。

7. B。 “one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”,故正确答案为B。

四、考查形容词和副词的特殊句式

1. (2008无锡市) This morning Jack came to school_______ than_______ student in his class.

A. much late;any B. much late;any other

C. much later;any D. much later;any other

2. (2008乌鲁木齐市)_______ ,the healthier you will be.

A. The more money you get B. The taller you are

C. The more you eat D. The better habit you have

3. (2008南京市) Mrs King kept weighing herself to see how much_______ she was getting.

A. heavy B. heavier

C. the heavier D. the heaviest

[答案与简析]

1. D。 late的比较级为later,据此可排除A和B两项。“比较级 + than + any other + 可数名词单数”意为“比其他任何一个……更……”。这虽然是比较级结构,但表示最高级含义。若选C,则第二个空白处不可填any,因为这样一来,就把Jack和包括自身在内的班上任何一个学生相比较了。如果加上other,就可避免自己与自己相比较的错误了。

2. D。 “the + 比较级 + 主语 + 谓语,the + 比较级 + 主语 + 谓语”意为“越……,越……”。根据后一句意思,只有D项符合题意。

3. B。 much修饰比较级时意为“……得多”。

[巩固练习]

1. —I feel really_______ before the interview.

—Take it easy. Sure you are the best.

A. patient B. serious C. nervous D. cool

2. —You are too near to the TV set. Can you move a bit_______ ?

—OK,Mum. Is it all right here?

A. faster B. slower C. farther D. nearer

3. They all looked_______ at the teacher when he told them the good news.

A. sadly B. happily C. carefully D. angrily

4. I think Alice is the right person for the job,because she’s always thinking_______ of others than of herself.

A. much B. more C. little D. less

5. My father doesn’t like the color of the tie because it is too_______ .

A. dear B. short C. thin D. dark

6. September 25th was one of_______ day in 2008,for Shenzhou VII was sent up successfully into space.

A. exciting B. more exciting

C. much exciting D. the most exciting

7. —Is your toothache getting better?

—No,it’s even_______ .

A. bad B. serious C. worse D. the worst

8. —I’m leaving home this afternoon.

—Really? Why so_______ ?

A. fast B. soon C. quickly D. early

9. Mr Wang thinks Shanxi noodles are very_______ ,so he often has them for lunch.

A. delicious B. interesting C. sweet D. bad

10. —Here is a present for you,Jack.

—Wow! It looks_______ nice.

A. truly B. nearly C. really D. hardly

11. I don’t like eating chocolates. The taste is too_______ .

A. hot B. delicious C. nice D. sweet

12. The movie Batman and Joker is_______ one that I’ve ever seen.

A. more exciting B. more excited

C. the most exciting D. the most excited

13. The experts think that India’s population may be_______ than China’s_______ 2020.

A. much;by B. more;in

C. larger;by D. larger;on

14. This kind of cake looks_______ and smells_______ ,too.

A. good;good B. good;well

C. well;well D. well;good

15. The price of this computer is the_______ of the three.

A. smallest B. biggest C. highest D. tallest

16. Which color do you like_______ ,white,red_______ yellow?

A. more;and B. better;and

C. best;or D. very much;or

17. Susan is always the best in different exams in our class because she is a_______ girl.

A. helpful B. polite

C. proud D. hard-working

18. Shark is getting old and cannot jump as_______ as he did.

A. high B. higher

C. highest D. much higher

19. —Can you understand me?

—Sorry,I can_______ hear what you have said.

A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. easily

20. In some foreign countries,such as Canada,children usually leave their parents when they grow up. It makes the old feel_______ .

A. alone B. lonely C. frightened D. enjoyable

21. She told us a story. And her voice sounded_______ .

A. sweet B. small C. clearly D. sadly

22. Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of_______ meat.

A. too much B. much too

C. very much D. too many

23. This sweater doesn’t suit me. It’s a bit small. Could you give me_______ one?

A. a large B. a larger

C. the largest D. largest

24. Please answer every question with great care. You know_______ you are,_______ mistakes you’ll make.

A. the careful,the few B. the more careful,the less

C. careful,few D. the more careful,the fewer

25. This year our school is_______ than it was last year.

A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful

C. the most beautiful D. beautiful

Key:1- 5 CCBBD 6-10 DCBAC 11-15 DCCAC

英语副词可以修饰形容词吗 篇4

副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全局的.词,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。

二、作用及应用

分类:

副词根据他们的意义,可以分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词和疑问副词。

1、副词的分类:

时间副词:today, tomorrow, yesterday, always, often, now, before

地点副词:here, there, down, up, down

方式副词:slowly, badly, hard, fast

程度副词:very, much, still, almost, too

疑问副词:why, what, where, when,how

2、副词的位置

多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。

例如:I get up early in the morning every day. 我每天早晨都很早起床。

注意:

1、大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。

例如:We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。

2、方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。

中考英语形容词和副词 篇5

形容词

三、形容词(adj.) 表示人和事物的特征,对名词起修饰和描绘作用

四、副词(adv.)表示动作特征或性状,主要修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子

(一)形容词的用法及位置

1.形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等,作定语时一般放在名词前。

Eg. She has short hair.(作定语)

Paul is tall.(作表语)

We must keep our room clean.(作宾补)

2.形容词修饰不定代词时放在其后。

eg.She has something important to tell us./

There’s nothing wrong in the sentence.

(二)副词的种类、用法及位置

1.副词的种类

(1)时间副词

①表示大体时间:now,then,yesterday,today, tonight,before,justnow,recently,so far

②表示频率:always,usually,often,sometimes.seldom,never

③其它作用:already,yet,late,early,soon,at once,immediately,atfirst,at last,finally

(2)地点副词

①表地点:here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,

nowhere,somewhere.

②表位置关系(后接宾语时,用作介词):

above,below,round,around,down,up,in,out,inside,outside,across,back,along,over,

away,near,off,past

(3)方式副词表示谓语动词“怎样地”,(此类副词大部分由形容词加ly构成):

badly,bravely,gratefully,calmly,carefully,carelessly,nervously,proudly,patiently,

politely,sadly,properly,rapidly,

wrongly,suddenly.

(4)程度副词 多数用来修饰形容词或副词:much,(a)little,a bit,very,sO,too,enough,quite,rather,completely,terribly,deeply,nearly,almost,hardly

(5)疑问副词 构成特殊疑问句:how,when, where,why

(6)连接副词 连接主语、宾语或表语从句:how,when,where,why

(7)关系副词 引导定语从句:when,where,why

(8)其它性质的副词对整个句子进行说明,一般用逗号与主句隔开:

frankly(坦率地说,说真的),generally(一般说来),luckily(幸运地是),first of all(首先)等。

2.副词的用法及位置

(1)修饰动词作状语

①多数位于动词之后,及物动词的宾语或介问的宾语之后。

eg.The farmers are working hard in the field.

She speaks English well.

The nurse looks after the babies carefully.

②频度副词放在动词前,情态动词和助动词之后。

eg.He always goes to school On foot.

She was often late for school.

I have never been to Beijing・

(2)修饰形容词作状语,放在形容词前。

eg.He has a very nice watch.

The box is too heavy.

(3)修饰另一副词作状语,放在另一副词前。

eg.She paints quite well.

You speak too fast.I can’t understand you.

(4)作表语,放在系动词后。

eg.Is anybody in?

(5)作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。

eg.I saw him out just now.

(6)作定语,放在名词之后。

eg.There is a man:here On vacation.

(7)疑问副词、修饰整个句子的副词以及perhaps,first,sometimes,finally等副词,一般放在句首。

eg.Finally,I finished the work.

Perhaps he’s watching TV at home.

(8)表示程度的副词一般放在被修饰词前,而enough则放在它所修饰的词后。

eg. He is old enough to go to school.

(三)形容词和副词的比较等级

1.比较级、最高级的构成

(1)单音节和少数双音节词

①一般在词尾加er或est

great――greater――greatest,young――younger――youngest,slow→slower→slowest

②以e结尾的只加r或st

nice――nicer――nicest,large――larger―largest.

③以辅音字母加y结尾的,先变y为i,再加er或est

heavy――heavier――heaviest, easy――easier――>easiest,

busy――busier――busiest, funny――funnier――+funniest,

early――earlier→earliest

④以重读闭音节结尾的词,先双写最末的一个辅音字母,再加er或est

big――bigger――biggest, thin――thinner――>thinnest,fat―fatter→fattest,

fitt―fitter→fittest

(2)多音节和部分双音节词,前加more为比较级,加(the)most为最高级

careful→more careful――most careful

useful――more useful――most useful

popular→more popular→most popular

carelessly――more carelessly――most carelessly

(3)不规则变化的.词

good/well→better→best

bad/ill/badly→worse→worst

many/much→more→most

little→less→least

old→older/elder→oldest(指年龄大小)/eldest(指长幼顺序)

far→farther/further→farthest(指距离)/furthest(指程度)

2.形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法

(1)形容词和副词比较级的用法

①用于两者比较,表示“比…更…”:

“A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B,

eg.I am two years older than my little sister.

“A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B:

eg. She gets to school earlier than the other students.

②用于两者之间的同级比较,表示“…和…一样”:

“A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B,

eg.Bill is as funny as his father.

“A+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+B”

eg.Lucy speaks Chinese as well as Lily.

③表示甲在某方面不如乙:

“A+系动词+notas/so+形容i司原级+as十B”

eg.These books aren’t as interesting as those.

“A+助动词/情态动词+not+谓语动词+aS/SO+B”

eg.She didn’t sing sO well that night as she usually does.

④表示某个范围内的两者相比:

“A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围)” eg.Penny is the taller of the two girls.Penny是这两个女孩中较高的一个。

⑤表示“越来越…”:“比较级+and+比较级”

eg.In spring the days are getting longer and longer. 在春天,白天变得越来越长。

⑥表示“越…越…”:“the+比较级…the+比较级”

eg.The mort:you practice using English,the better you’ll learn it 你英语练得越多,就会学得越好。

①可以用much,far,even,a bit,a little,a lot等修饰比较级表示程度,但决不可用very修饰。

eg.Tom is a little taller than Mike.Tom比Mike稍高一点;

it is even colder today than yesterday. 今天甚至比昨天更冷

⑧在比较级中,为了避免重复,可用that或those代替前面提到过的事情。

eg.The weather here is much hotter than that Ofour hometown.这儿比我的老家热得多。

The pants in this shop are a lot better than those in that shop.这家商店的裤子比那家商店的裤子质量好得多。

(3)形容词和副词最高级的用法

对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加the,也可省掉the;后面可带of/in短浯来说明比较范围:

“主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语/in短语”

eg.She is the youngest Of all.

“A+谓语动词+(the)+最高级+of短语/in短语”

love的形容词和副词 篇6

beautiful普通用词,含义广泛,语气最强,指优美和谐,是一种几乎接近完美的美。指人时通常形容女人或小孩,很少用于描写男子。

fair正式用词,多用于文学中,形容女子和儿童,侧重外表的美。

handsome多用于描写男性的英俊潇洒。有时也形容女人,指其五官端正,体态秀丽。

lovely普通用词,描写人时,主要指女人和小孩的相貌,语气不如beautiful强。

pretty普通用词,语气比beautiful弱,多用于描写妇女、儿童以及小巧玲珑,精美可爱之物。

形容词和副词易错题型透析 篇7

1.(1995年上海卷)We don’t care if a hunting dog smells——,but we really don’twant him to smell——,

A.well,well

B.bad,bad

C.well,badly D.badly,bad

【易误透析】容易误选B,认为两个smell均为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。这是1995年的一道上海高考题,最佳答案为D。句中的第一个smell为实义动词,意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”,smell badly意为“嗅觉差”;第二个smell为连系动词,意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”,smell bad意为“闻起来气味难闻”。句意为:“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好,但我们的确不希望它身上有味道。”

【解题指导】做这类题目时,要注意区分形容词和副词的不同作用,根据句子结构的需要推断所需是形容词还是副词。作定语、表语和补语时,要用形容词,修饰行为动词、形容词、副词、过去分词及整个句子时,要用副词作状语。

二、比较级、最高级的易错点

1.(1998年全国卷)Professor White has written SOrtie short stories,but he is——known for his plays,

A.thP hPstB.moreC.most,betterD.the

【易误透析】容易误选D。此题首先不宜选B或D,因为well known的比较级和最高级通常是better known和best known,有时也可以是more well known和most well known,但通常不能是more known和most known。至于是选A还是C,这就要看语境。由于句中涉及的只有stories和plays两个对象,故应选比较级,答案C。

2.(2011年陕西卷)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be———the present one,

A.as three times big as

B.three times as big as

C.as big as three times D.as big three times as

【易误透析】B as.as句型表示同级比较,倍数three times作程度状语,应该放在第一个as之前。

【解题指导】有关比较句型的题目应注意以下几点:

(1)掌握比较级的几个热点句型:

①同级比较句型:“as+原级+as”

②不同级比较句型:“not as/so+原级+as”

③表示一者程度超过另一者的句型:“比较级+than”

④表示一者的程度不如另一者的句型:“less+原级+than”

⑤表示“越来越……”的句型:“比较级+and+比较级”

⑥表示“越……,就越……”的句型:“the+比較级,the+比较级”

(2)做题时,要分析语境含义和句子结构,明确题目符合哪一个句型的需要,要确保句型使用正确,如as...as中间是否是形容词或副词的原级、less后面是否错用了比较级等。

(3)比较级前常有副词或短语作程度状语,但very/quite/fairly不用来修饰比较级。

(4)比较句型中还常用名词、数词和倍数作状语,一定要把这些状语放在比较级前或同级比较的第一个as前。

三、形容词和副词的用法辨析

1.Come and see me whenever——

A.you are convenient

B.you will be convenient

C.it is convenient to you

D.it will be convenient to you

【易误透析】

容易误选A,因为许多同学将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为if youare convenient。最佳答案为C,因为英语中的convenient不是表示“感到方便的”而是表示“使人感到方便的”,所以be convenient的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”,英语通常if it is convenient for(to)you,其中的介词可用for或to,但一般不用with。顺便说一句,偶尔也可见到用人或物作be convenient的主语,但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点:句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,例如:

Mary is convenient to see 0n Sunday,/It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday,星期天去见玛丽较为方便。

The furniture is convenient to move,/It is convenient to move the furniture,这家具搬起来很方便。

2.(2010年陕西卷)Studies show that people are more——to suffer from back prob-lems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours,

A.1ikely

B.possible

C.probable D.sure

【易误透析】B、C、D三项均有可能被选择。根据句意首先排除D;再根据上面一题的分析,排除A和C;也就是说,此题最佳答案为B。注意likely的用法,它与possible所用句型不同,请看实例:

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Are we likely to arrive in time?我们会及时赶到吗?

It’s very likely that he will ring me tonight,今晚他很可能会给我来电话。

3.(2009年天津卷)It was a nice house,but——too small for a family of live,

A.rarelyB.fairlyC.ratherD.pretty

【易误透析】A、B、D三项都有可能误选。只有rather可以与比较级以及副词too连用。rather意为“相当,有点儿”;rarely意为“很少,难得”;fairly意为“公平的,公正的,正当的”;pretty意为“相当”。答案是C。

【解题指导】做这类题要明确形容词和副词的用法区别。

四、有关形容词和副词的习惯表达

1. We were two hours late that day,which was due t0 the——,

A.crowded traffic

B.crowded traffics

C.busy trafficD.busy traffics

【易误透析】容易误选A,因为许多同学将汉语中的“拥挤的交通”直译为crowdedtraffic(s);由于traffic不可数,排除含traffics的选项,所以许多考生便选定答案A。

其实,此题的最佳答案是C,因为英语的traffic习惯上不用crowded修饰,而用busy或h。avy修饰,以说明“交通”的“拥挤”。类似这样的在修饰语方面需特别注意的还有:

(1)汉语的“绿茶”说成英语是green tea,但相应的“红茶”却是black tea而不是red tea。

(2)可说thick soup(浓汤),但不说thick coffee(tea);要表示“浓咖啡(茶)”,可用strong coffee(tea)。

(3)可说thin soup(稀汤),但不说thin coffee(tea);要表示“淡咖啡(茶)”,可用weak coffee(tea)。

五、有关than的短语

1.(2011年全国卷)The form cannot be signed by anyone——yourseff,

A.rathPr than

B.other than

C.more than D,hetter than

【易误透析】容易误选A、c、D。句意为:“这张表格只能由你本人签字。”ratherfhan意为“而不”;other than意为“除了”,相當于but和except;more than意为“不仅仅”:better than意为“比…多、好”。故选B。

2.You are——careful than your brother,You two can’t do the work that needs careand skill,

A.not more

B.no more

C.not less D.no less

【易误透析】容易误选A。

【解题指导】要做对此题,首先要正确理解以下结构的含义:

not more…than=不如……

no more…than=和……一样不(否定两者)

not less…than=不如……不(即指不如less后形容词的反面)

no less…than=和……一样(肯定两者)

比较以下各句的意思:

You are more careful than he is.你比他仔细。

You are not more careful than he is.你不如他仔细。

You are no more careful than he is.你和他一样不仔细。

You are less careful than he is.你不如他仔细(你比他粗心)。

You are not less careful than he is.你比他仔细(你不如他粗心)。

You are n0 less careful than he is.你和他一样仔细。

通过以上分析,再结合句子语境,可知第2题最佳答案为B。

同类异质比较:即指同一个人或事物(同类)在两个不同的方面(异质)进行比较,这类句子常译为“(更多的)是……,而不是”、“与其……不如……”等。例如:

He was more lucky than clever.他是靠运气而不是靠聪明。

She was more surprised than angry.她感到更多的是惊讶而不是生气。

This is more a war movie than a western.这更应当说是一部战争片,而不是西部片。

按英语习惯,在进行同类异质比较时,只能用more构成比较级,不能用-er形式,即使是单音节词也是如此。

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