CATTI一级笔译考试心得

CATTI一级笔译考试心得（精选6篇）

CATTI一级笔译考试心得 篇1

A new book explains how managers struggle with changing customer behavior

Think about the companies like Uber and Airbnb that have burst through into public consciousness in the past ten years. While many of them depend on the internet, their success is not down to any particular technological innovation of their own design. Instead, their secret lies in their business model.

Thales Teixeira of the Harvard Business School argues that the principle that underlies a lot of these models is called decoupling. In his book “Unlocking the Customer Value Chain”, he explains how this concept applies across a wide range of industries.

Buying a product will involve at least four stages. First, customers will evaluate the items available; then they will choose one or two; then they will buy them; finally they will consume them. In the traditional model, the first three took place inside a single retail store. Customers would look at the TVs or dishwashers on offer, pick one they liked with a price they could afford, pay at the till and then take the item home or arrange for the retailer to deliver it.

These steps are all part of what Mr Teixeira calls the “customer value chain”. Disrupters have muscled in on some parts of this chain. One example is the practice of “showrooming”. Shoppers enter an electrical store like Best Buy and examine what’s on offer. But instead of purchasing the item in the store, they buy it online. Amazon has even created an app allowing customers to scan a product’s bar code, or take its picture, and discover its online price. The selection of products has been decoupled from their purchase.

Other examples of the decoupling process cited by Mr Teixeira include Zipcar, where driving a car is separated from purchasing and maintaining it; TiVo, where watching TV is delinked from sitting through ads; and Birchbox, where customers are sent samples of beauty products, eliminating the need to visit a store to try them.

This is not, as the author points out, a particularly new idea. Budget airlines like Ryanair have long since decoupled flying from the services and amenities that usually accompanied it. Passengers have to pay separately for the extras, like seat selection and the carrying of baggage. Other airlines have followed suit.

Customer services have for some time been disrupted by a trend with the ugly name of disintermediation, the cutting out of middlemen. Most holidays are now purchased directly, rather than via travel agents; shares are bought via low-commission services, rather than through advisory stockbrokers. New entrants can gain market share if they can offer customers a lower cost or greater convenience. Decoupling doesn’t subtract middlemen but still results in lower costs to the consumer.

The beauty of the decoupling approach is that the only limit to innovation is imagination, rather than technical brilliance. For example, Mr Teixeira cites Trov, a company which allows customers to buy insurance solely for specific items for specific periods of time. If you want to insure your latest smart phone for a two-week holiday, you can do so; and then insure it again for a weekend trip later in the year. The need for insurance is decoupled from the hassle of buying an annual policy.

Suppose that you like a restaurant’s ambience, but not its food. In theory, you could book a table but order the food from elsewhere, paying separately for the service and the cooking. If 3D printers become ubiquitous, design and manufacture could be decoupled, with consumers paying for the digital blueprint.

Mr Teixeira argues that decoupling is a customer-driven phenomenon-bottom-up rather than top-down. Successful businesses will spot how consumer tastes are shifting, and that may involve looking at other industries as well as their own. For example, they can look at the success of Netflix’s subscription-based model; what works for TV programmes may also work for other goods and services. Already, there are companies that will deliver socks or perfume on a regular basis, decoupling this from a trip to the mall.

The challenge for existing managers is that they must worry about more than whether their overall costs are lower than those of their immediate rivals. If a part of their process is inefficient, or inconvenient for consumers, the decouplers may well grab hold of it.

自觉脱钩

一本新书分析管理者如何努力应对不断变化的客户行为

优步和爱彼迎等公司在过去十年里异军突起，闯入公众视野。虽然它们当中有许多都依赖互联网，但其成功却并非源自任何自己创造的特定的技术创新。相反，它们的秘诀是商业模式。

哈佛商学院的塔莱斯·特谢拉认为，这许多商业模式的背后是同一个原理——“脱钩”。在《解锁客户价值链》一书中，他解释了这一概念如何适用于众多行业。

购买一件产品至少涉及四个阶段。首先顾客会评估市面上的产品，从中选择一两件，然后掏钱购买，最后是使用。在传统模式中，前三阶段发生在同一家零售店内。顾客会查看在售的电视机或洗碗机，选出自己心仪的、价格又合适的产品，到收银台付款，然后将商品带回家或由零售商安排送货上门。

这些步骤都是特谢拉所说的“客户价值链”的一部分。现在，颠覆者已强势介入这一链条的某些环节。“展厅”现象的出现便是个例子。购物者走进百思买这样的电器商店，研究出售的货品。但他们不在店内购买，而是会网购。亚马逊甚至设计了一个应用，让客户扫描产品条形码或拍个照就能了解产品的网上售价。产品的挑选和购买环节脱钩了。

特谢拉举出的其他“脱钩”例子还有：美国汽车共享公司zipcar让开车和买车及养车脱钩，数字录像机Tivo让人们在看电视时不必再看插播的广告，还有提供美容产品在线订阅服务的Birchbox，顾客会收到其寄送的美容产品小样，无需去某家商店试用。

正如特谢拉所指出的，这不是什么特别新潮的概念。像瑞安航空这样的廉价航空公司早已让飞行和通常与之捆绑在一起的服务与便利设施脱钩。乘客必须为选座位和行李托运等额外服务另行付费。其他航空公司已纷纷效仿。

客户服务环节被去中介化(即去除中间商)这一趋势颠覆已有一段时日。如今人们大多直接购买度假产品，而不是通过旅行社;从低收费的服务商购入股票，而不是通过提供咨询服务的股票经纪商。新进入的商家如果能为客户提供更低的成本或更大的便利，就能获得市场份额。脱钩并不去除中间商，却仍为消费者降低了成本。

有了脱钩这种方式，想象力而非技术水平就成了创新的唯一限制。这就是脱钩的妙处。特谢拉举了保险公司Trov的例子，它允许客户仅在特定时间段为特定项目购买保险。想在度假时为新买的智能手机投保两周?完全可以。还想等到今年晚些时候某次周末旅行时再为手机投保?也没问题。保险需求与麻烦的按年投保脱钩了。

假设你喜欢某家餐厅的环境氛围，但不中意它的食物。理论上讲，你可以预订餐桌，再从别家餐厅点菜，为餐厅服务和菜品分别付费。假如3D打印机得到普及，设计和制造就可能脱钩，消费者可以单独为数字设计图付费。

特谢拉认为，脱钩是一种由客户驱动的现象，自下而上、而非自上而下地进行。成功的企业会察觉消费者的口味如何变化，为此，它们除了要审视自己所在的行业，还可能需要观察其他行业的发展。例如，它们可借鉴Netflix订阅模式的成功经验，因为适用于电视节目的模式也许同样适用于其他商品和服务。已经有公司定期给顾客递送袜子或香水，使购买这些商品的行为与逛商场脱钩。

CATTI一级笔译考试心得 篇2

清水衙门 work unit which has no outside income

清算/结算 clearing /settlement

清算公司 clearing corporation; liquidation company

清算银行 clearing bank

情同手足 be bound together like brothers and sisters

倾销 dump; dumping

轻型汽车 light-duty vehicle

情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to …

青藏高原 Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

清洁用品 cleaning supplies

情景喜剧 situation comedy; sitcom

情侣装 his-and -hers clothes

请勿乱丢杂物 no littering

清正廉明 be honest and clean

清真食品 Halal food

七年之痒 seven years itch

企事业单位 enterprise and public institution

求 大 同 , 存 小 异 seek common ground on major question while reserving differences on minor ones

求实精神 matter-of -fact attitude

求职信 applicat ion letter

求同存异 seek common ground while putting aside differences

企业的承受能力 the sustainability of enterprises

CATTI一级笔译考试心得 篇3

As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical.Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them..In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not.Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude--- not to mention the abundance--- that Thanksgiving summons.

【参考译文】

翻译资格考试一级笔译练习题 篇4

宪法危机引发人们对欧洲君主的关注

For most of the last 100 years, Europe’s royalty have mainly been known for big weddings and newspaper gossip. Now, that might be changing.

在过去的一百多年里，欧洲王室成员主要以大型婚礼和报纸八卦而闻名于世。

Spain’s King Felipe VI used his power to denounce Catalonian separatism. He called the leaders of the popular vote for independence from Spain criminals. He also said it was his constitutional duty to save national unity.

西班牙国王费利佩六世动用了他的影响力谴责加泰罗尼亚的分离主义。他称加泰罗尼亚独立公投的领导人是罪犯。他还表示，维护国家统一是他的宪法责任。

Recently, the British media has wondered if Queen Elizabeth II will be called upon to end a possible constitutional crisis. It could involve Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s plans to withdraw Britain from the European Union on October 31. Johnson said he will move forward with “Brexit” even if there is no official agreement with the EU.

最近，英国媒体很想知道英国女王伊丽莎白二世是否会被要求终止一项潜在的宪法危机。这可能涉及到英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊计划于10月31日退出欧盟。约翰逊表示，即便未同欧盟达成正式协议，他也将推进英国脱欧。

Monarchs Face Political Crises, And Risks

君主面临政治危机和风险

The two royal heads of state would appear to have little in common.

这两位王室领导似乎没有什么共同之处。

Elizabeth II has been Queen for 67 years. Felipe became King just five years ago after the abdication of his father, King Juan Carlos, who was restored to the throne by dictator Francisco Franco in 1969.

伊丽莎白二世已经在女王位置上坐了67年。费利佩于5年前在他的父亲胡安·卡洛斯退位后成为了西班牙国王。卡洛斯于1969年被独裁者弗朗西斯科·佛朗哥恢复王位。

They are relatives through Queen Victoria, who ruled the British Empire in the 1800s.

他们都是曾于19世纪统治大英帝国的维多利亚女王的亲属。

Political science professor William Ogilvie de la Vega of Franciso Marroquin University in Madrid said that both rulers are being asked to make political decisions. He said the reason is because elected politicians seem to be unable to do their jobs.

马德里Franciso Marroquin大学的政治学教授威廉·奥格尔维·德拉维加表示，这两位统治者都被要求做出政治决定。他说原因是当选的政治家似乎无法胜任其职。

The two monarchs remain as constitutional heads of state. They hold what former Spanish ambassador to Britain Federico Trillo-Figueroa describes as “sleeping powers.”

这两位君主仍然是国家宪法意义上的元首。他们掌握了前西班牙驻英国大使费德里科·特里洛-菲格罗亚所说的“未觉醒的权力。”

Queen Elizabeth II has the power to start and end parliament and to sign legislation into law. She exercises those powers only at the request of the prime minister.

英国女王伊丽莎白二世有权启动和解散议会，以及将立法签署为法律。她只是应英国首相要求行使这些权力。

These powers “are normally exercised in an invisible way” Trillo-Figueroa told VOA.

特里洛-菲格罗亚对美国之音表示，(君主们)“通常是以无形的方式行使”这些权力。

But stepping into politics can cause problems.

但是涉足政治可能会导致问题。

Queen Elizabeth II has the power to refuse Johnson’s request to suspend parliament’s session if ministers try to stop Britain’s EU withdrawal without an agreement. However, she would risk angering the most traditional parts of British society – and many of them voted to leave the EU in a popular vote. Officials at Buckingham Palace, the home of British monarchs, has said that the “will of parliament should be respected.”

如果内阁部长们试图阻止英国无协议脱欧，约翰逊会提请女王暂停议会，伊丽莎白二世有权拒绝约翰逊的这一请求。然而她要冒着激怒英国社会最传统势力的风险，他们中的大多数人在公投中投票支持英国脱欧。英国王室所在的白金汉宫的官员表示：“议会的意愿应该得到尊重。”

A top supporter of Brexit, Nigel Farage, then released an attack on the royal family.

英国脱欧的一位高层支持者奈杰尔·法拉格随后对王室发表了攻击言论。

King Felipe similarly earned the anger of Catalan nationalists by openly supporting the federal government’s direct rule over Catalonia. Barcelona Mayor Ada Colau opposes Catalan independence, but she stays away from the king when he comes to Spain’s second largest city. Felipe is usually met with protests in the Catalan capital.

费利佩国王公开支持联邦政府对加泰罗尼亚的直接统治同样招来了加泰罗尼亚民族主义者的愤怒。巴塞罗那市长阿达·科洛反对加泰罗尼亚独立，但是当费利佩国王来到了巴塞罗那这座西班牙第二大城市时，她与国王保持了距离。费利佩在加泰罗尼亚首府巴塞罗那通常会遇到抗议。

The newspaper El Mundo reported that former Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy advised against a royal televised speech during the crisis in Catalonia. In the speech, Felipe accused Catalan officials of acting with unacceptable “disloyalty,” before the government officially charged them with sedition and rebellion.

《西班牙世界报》报道称，前首相马里亚诺·拉霍伊不赞成王室在加泰罗尼亚危机期间的一次电视讲话。在西班牙政府正式指控加泰罗尼亚官员煽动叛乱之前，费利佩国王就在这次讲话中指责他们采取了令人无法接受的不忠行为。

But Raquel Casviner Ca?ellas of the Catalan Civic Union said the king needed to speak to Spanish unionists who felt that the central government had been too weak.

但是加泰罗尼亚公民联盟的拉奎尔·卡斯维纳·卡纳拉斯表示，国王需要与西班牙统一主义者对话，他们认为中央政府过于软弱。

Felipe’s father, Juan Carlos, helped the country move to democracy after the death of Franco. He later helped stop an attempt by the military in 1981 to seize power.

费利佩的父亲卡洛斯在佛朗哥去世后帮助西班牙走向了民主。他随后还协助阻止了1981年军方试图夺权政权的企图。

The younger generations of royals also seem to be more interested in politics. Prince Harry’s wife Meghan Markle, Duchess of Sussex, has been criticized for her political opinions in a coming article she edited for British Vogue, titled “Fifteen forces for change.”

CATTI三级笔译应考复习策略 篇5

综合部分

1.机读答题卡

（1）练习时：留出五分钟富裕。

（2）考试时：随做题，随填涂，避免时间不够或造成遗忘。

2.“第一感觉优先”原则

做选择题时，第一感觉、第一判断极为重要，不要轻易修改答案，除非正负看反了。

3.拿到试卷后先浏览一遍，好计划好时间，看什么：

（1）此次题型是否有变化——确定跟平时模考时是否采用同样策略；

（2）阅读共几篇文章——确定阅读时间分配（必须定上限）；

（3）阅读难易文章的分布——确定先做那篇（考虑到“热身”和“简单题、高分题先拿下”原则）。

实务部分

1.不要做得太快

也适用于综合考试。不要过分指望做完后去检查，再去找补，就像学习时不要指望“以后再深入学习”的道理一样，就此时此刻把握好，不要再等以后，没有以后。

2.英译汉：与课上的大绿本P16页《中国促进世界旅游业的发展》第一段、第五段和第六段有很大的相似之处，只不过考试时换成英译汉了。

一点启示：重视人事部的指定教材。

汉译英：与2005年5月真题“西藏高原”那篇在描述中国经济发展方面有些相似。一点启示：千万不要忽视考过的真题。

3.专有名词（包括中英文节日的表达法）即使再熟悉，也要查查字典，往往这些英汉译文长期以来已有固定的翻译方法。第一，不要凭印象、凭感觉随意翻译；第二，要保证英文、中文书写正确，即不能有错别字。除非“中国”这样的汉字专有名词可以不用查。（“美国”、“英国”的几种英文表达方法，最好事先查查，也许会有新的收获。）

考场细节18问（附报考流程）

1.卷面修改问题

（1）绝对禁止使用涂改液和胶带：这些“作案工具”不要带入考场。后果：涂改液改后很难

看，胶带若使用不当很容易造成窟窿。

（2）如何修改：用尺子在字的中央划一条横线；若仅删除一个字，也可打一条斜线。两条线不好。切忌“团”，即涂黑疙瘩。

2.空行

根据纸张的数量而定。第七届考试时没有空一行一写的地方。请注意，没有多余纸张提供，也不提供草稿纸，更禁止自行携带或字典里夹带！！

3.字体

中英文对字体的要求没有限制，但一定要写清楚，能让一个正常人不费力地进行辨识即可。切忌写得太连，无法辨识。

4.字号

无明确要求。但建议：

（1）正常行文时，写到两行（每行卷面均划了横线）之间的2/3为宜。

（2）增补时，适当写小一点，约1/3为宜，但要保证肉眼可以辨识。

5.汉字不能倾斜

有些人一拿到纸，不是把纸向右就是向左倾斜45度再写。如平时有此习惯者，只要能保证汉字与横线写得相对垂直即可，此习惯无需刻意纠正。

6.繁体字不能接受

7.用笔问题

（1）用什么笔：

圆珠笔、红笔、铅笔禁止使用；

钢笔不建议使用；

建议使用蓝色或黑色签字笔（中性笔）；

字体写得实在太差的同学，可以多考虑一下蓝色签字笔，写出来的字看着比较整洁。

（2）用多粗的笔：

0.3的太细，0.7的太粗（尤其在修改时），建议使用0.5的。

8.纵向对齐问题

（1）书写中文：建议每一行跟每一行字的左右两边要对齐，这样很整洁。如有习惯用铅笔打竖线为了对齐的考生，一定要擦掉铅笔痕迹。

（2）书写英文：无法做到对齐。如果遇到较长的词在一行的结尾，如comprehensive，第一行行末写成“com-”还是“comp-”还是“compr-”还是“compre-”？英语的换行有若干个规则，我建议，与其去记那些规则，不如就把这个词写在第二行，第一行结尾多留出一些地方。因此书写英文时不一定要行行对齐。

以上1-8点是关于卷面的问题，水平在60分上下的同学，全面整洁、书写规范此时就显得更加重要。大家进行过专业训练，在考场上一定要表现出“老道”、“专业”、“有经验”。

一份干净的试卷，会给批卷人留下很好的印象，有可能该考试你就会涉险通过。做翻译，一定要照顾你的读者！！

9.手机问题

（1）按规定不得带入考场。如执意带入，我建议在进考试楼之前将电源及闹钟关闭，进入考场时无需上交，但任何时间不能让人看到。考试时手机一旦作响，考试立即结束。

（2）考前练习时最好不要养成用手机看表的习惯。

10.字典问题

（1）上午综合考试：一定不要带字典进考场。如带入，放到前面的讲台上，写好名字，防止遗失。

（2）下午实务考试：一定要带字典，数量为2本。

（3）平时练习：一定要熟悉“如何查字典”，“我的字典里都有什么货”。（这绝不是玩笑）

11.绝不要迟到

迟到30分钟不得进考场。

12.绝不要提前交卷

考试通过的，往往都是坐（做）到最后时刻的考生。

13.生物钟

（1）保证上午2个小时（9：30—11：30）和下午3个小时（14：00-17：00）精力高度集中。个别昼夜颠倒的同学，请于考前半个月到一个月的调整作息时间，否则即使不迟到，考试时状态也会不佳。

（2）午休习惯不利于考试：考场中午往往封楼，一部分考点也不提供候考室，不利于午休。平时养成午休习惯而在考试当天又不能午休的情况下，决定胜负的长达三个小时的下午实务考试能保证精力充沛吗？

14.厕所问题

（1）如遇到需要去厕所的情形，举手示意，你会在同性监考老师（每个考场共2个监考老师，一男一女）的陪同下，一起去洗手间。

（2）如今后考务制度发生变化，不允许中途去洗手间，则你需要让监考老师意识到你所遇到问题的严重性，以及其发展下去对整个教室环境问题的不利影响，为了大局，你会得到特殊批准的。

（3）建议少喝水，能不去尽量不去，不要耽误考试时间。

15.桌椅

人事部考试所租用学校教室的桌子通常很小，椅子不太舒服，考前最好适应一下。

16.饮食和衣着

（1）对于夏季考试的同学：夏天食物容易变质腐烂，注意午餐要卫生。

（2）对于冬季考试的同学：冬天天气比较寒冷，中午在外边地上坐着候考时，注意衣着。

17.住宿和交通

外省市考生来京考试：注意提前一天到达考场，在考场周围落实酒店入住问题，要考虑交通、安全、叫醒等因素。

18.考试当天携带的物品

谢老师提出了“八大件必携带”，我补充一样考试当天可带可不带但是早晚你得上交的东西—申报表。（此外，手表愿意带就带，有些条件不佳的考场黑板上方没有挂钟。）根据第七届三笔考试的经验，我顺便谈谈报考的整个程序（北京地区适用）。

①考前3个月左右接受现场报名，详情登陆（主办方），报名截止日约为考前2个月。

②现场报名的考生

A．须携带：有效期内的身份证原件（中国大陆考生）、2寸照片1张、考试费460元人民币（价格由各城市物价局制定，今后可能有上涨的趋势，且各城市不一样）。

B．当场进行：在报名的房间里，自己面对电脑填写个人详细信息

C．将得到：收据一张、申报表一张（事后也可登陆-考务管理方-自行打印）、报名注意事项一张

③从考前一周的周一便可登陆自行打印准考证

④考试当天必须携带的证件：

有效期内的、与报名时号码位数相同的身份证原件

申报表（贴上与报名时上交照片的同底板照片1张）

准考证

考试时，监考人员会下发正式机打收据（注意不是发票），同时收取申报表。

⑤考试当天没带申报表或者没贴规定照片的同学，于考后在指定的时间内到指定地点亲自上交（注意不接受传真和邮寄），详情必须问询主考老师。

⑥考后约七八十日，登陆查询分数并自行打印成绩单，成绩也会提前数日在上公布，数据库是一致的。

⑦再过约二十天，登陆查询证书领取有关事宜，并自行打印证书领取凭条。

⑧在规定的时间内携带准考证和领取凭条领取证书（三级证书：深蓝皮，类似港澳通行证；二级证书：棕红皮，类似护照），结束。

上半年catti二级笔译测试题 篇6

Chinese culture features prominently in a wide range of programs other than entertainment and variety shows. A case in point is the CCTV News of which I am an anchor/presenter. During the last Spring Festival, a program entitled “You rock, my country!”(Chinese characters: 厉害了 我的国) shot by ordinary people themselves captured extensive attention, garnering/registering/recording/posting over 100 million searches (search queries) at Baidu, China’s answer to Google.

2. 有一个观众说《新闻联播》怎么成了催泪弹，很多观众看完以后直戳心窝子，戳中了他们的泪点，但是就算哭，他们也特别喜欢看，也愿意看。为什么这些节目老百姓这么爱看?为什么这么火呢?