考博英语完形填空

考博英语完形填空（推荐8篇）

考博英语完形填空篇1

一、了解题型

选词填空又称15选10，在仔细阅读部分，是新增题型。试题文章长约200到250个单词，10个空格，备选词汇共15个，每个空格只准选用一个单词，每个词不能重复使用。备选词汇是名词，动词，形容词和副词，虚词不在考核范围内。

二、应试方法及步骤

中华考试网

1、按照词缀准确判断15个单词的词性,将同一词性的备选单词归为一组，如果遇到动词还可以按照时态进行第二次分类,尽量将15个单词的类别分得越细越好。

2、只读试题所在的原句，通过前后词判断空内应填入词性和语法属性，通过上下句判断时态，回到相对应的词性组选择单词，如果遇到动词则需注意时态。

3、本试题并不侧重考察同义词辨析和固定搭配，否则就是完型填空，因此，只要能判断试题所在的句子所需要的词性和语法属性就不难找到正确答案。

4、未必要按顺序作题，因为本来就无须了解文章的意思，只读句子，遇到哪个简单就先做哪个，难的放到后面做，因为备选范围在不断缩小。

5、正确答案应满足语法和词性要求，句意通顺。设题原则:  设题原则是首句不设空，而且通常情况下此句是总体句，弄清此句有利于理解全文。一句话中不设两空，设空比较均匀，基本覆盖全文。

选项特点:  10个空格考察的全部是实词， 词性分配的基本比例:  3个名词正确答案+1个名词干扰答案  3个动词正确答案+1个动词干扰答案  3个形容词正确答案+2个形容词干扰答案  1个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。 选项中动词时态与文章时态一致。

通读要居高临下，花5秒钟把短文各个自然段的段首扫一遍。这样就能一眼就能看出短文的主要内容，心里有了底，再读文章就轻松多了。

 第二步：整理选项(1分钟) 目前四级考试只考实词中的四种：名词n，动词v，形容词 adj，副词adv  a.不认识的单词看词缀（见后面附表）

 b.认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性  比如：must，most均可做名词do the most you can

动词归类要细分为v，v+ed, v+ing。

因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing形式要自己根据语法判断。甚至动词分词形式还可以做定语

 2）一个单词有多个词性时，要在不同分类中都标出。

 3）如果选项中出现一组近义词或反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析清楚其细微的区别。

 4）如何判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性：

 ① 动词：

 a）前后都是名词短语，中间一般为动词（时态看前后文）。

 b)一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词

 c）一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。

 ② 名词：

 a.名词主要做主语、宾语。

 b.形容词或名词都可以修饰名词

 例：The hot, humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___49___ thunderstorms.（49可能是形容词，也可能是名词修饰thunderstorms）

 c.限定词（the, this, that, a, my之类）后必有名词

 d.谓语动词前必有名词或名词性质的主语

 e.介词后面必有名词

 ③.副词修饰形容词或动词

常见后缀：

-sion，-tion，如：starvation，attraction，profession

-ity，如：quality，diversity 常见动词后缀：

-ate，如：estimate，generate-en，如：widen，worsen 常见形容词后缀：

-able，如：stable，affordable

-tive，-sive，如：destructive，excessive，sensitive-ous，如：unconscious，enormous 常见副词后缀：

-ly，如：deliberately，completely，remarkably，针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步

1.预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记；

2.精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性；

3.把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。

四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用。在根据前后文判断每空的词性时，一些经常考察的形式如下：

名词：通常来说，冠词(如a，an，the)、形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即“a/an/the/adj./prep.+ n。”，动词：动词的考点很多，我们来看其中三种：

1.主语后缺谓语动词。

2.当出现“一个完整的句子 +，____ + 名词/介词”的结构时，逗号后边的部分是伴随状语，表示伴随状态或者表示原因，应当填动词加ing形式或动词加ed形式。当这个动词与句子主语是主动关系，填动词加ing形式，当两者是被动关系，填动词加ed形式。

3.横线处如果填谓语动词，往往与上下半句的谓语动词时态一致。

形容词：当出现“a/the/the most/more +___+名词”的结构时，横线处通常填形容词。

副词： 1.当一句话完整的时候，句尾的空往往是副词。

2.当一句话出现“主语 + ___ + 谓语”的情况时，横线处通常填副词。

同学们要注意记背选词填空选项的重点范围：

1.历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词

2.历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项，仔细阅读态度题的选项

考博英语完形填空篇2

一、解题步骤

1. 平心静气不急躁

很多同学对完形填空心存恐惧, 这种畏难情绪是导致失误的根本原因!所以, 集中思想、树立信心、平心静气、排除困难, 才是做好完形填空题的保证。

2. 浏览全文抓主线

同学们正式做题之前, 应跳跃空格, 快速浏览文章, 抓住文章的中心思想。同学们要重点抓住对文章的首句和尾句的理解, 因为通常快速阅读时, 文章的第一句或段落的第一句和最后一句往往是全文或全段的主题句, 通过它们可以知道文章的体裁、大意、时间、人物、事件等, 而尾句则是文章的总结, 有利于掌握文章的大意。

3. 识别短语重搭配

同学们平时应注意词组、短语的整体记忆, 掌握它们的搭配规律, 这样在做完形填空时就能得心应手, 减少失误, 提高答题的命中率。

4. 运用语法顺关系

语法知识是指导完形填空的法宝, 词汇是根据语法规则确定各自的位置, 完形填空题实际上是“形断意不断, 貌离神不离”, 所以不要轻易就选择答案, 应根据“词不离句, 句不离文”的原则, 运用词法、句法、语法, 认真考虑, 然后再确定答案。如果答案语法相似, 无法确定, 就继续阅读下文, 因为有时候上文的答案会在下文中有所暗示, 而下文的答案在上文中也能找到。总之, 在进行逐行逐空填补时, 切记要结合当时的语境, 从中找出联系上严密、准确而又符合要求的答案。

5. 复读全文避疏漏

完形填空后, 同学们最关键的一点是要细心检查, 把文章从头至尾读一遍, 根据自己的语感以及对文章的理解, 对不合题意的答案进行修改, 这样可以提高正确率。

二、解题技巧

1. 知识语境分析法

根据上下文的意思, 运用所学的词汇和语法知识, 从句子结构和意义上进行分析, 并判断所选词语是否正确。

例题:What do we know about the sea?We____that it looks very beautiful when the sun is shining on it.What we also learn about it canbeveryterriblewhenthereisastrongwind.

A.Know B.say C.hope D.wish

解题指导:文章的第一句说我们对海知道什么?接下来讲了一些海的基本常识。在四个选项中, know是了解认识, Say是说, hope、wish是希望, 根据上下文的意思, 可判断选项A是正确的。

2. 推理法

根据对整篇短文的理解, 对文章的主题、情节的发展作出合理的推断。例题 (略)

3. 上下文搜索法

完形填空给出的都是整篇的文章, 文章本身是前后一致的, 这样就可以从上下文中找到提示或发现答案。例题 (略)

4. 排除法

在无法确定答案的时候, 我们可以采取排除法, 逐一验证四个选项, 将错误答案排除后得出正确答案。例题 (略)

中考英语完形填空练习篇3

Bob and Sue are in the same school， 1 they are in different 2 . They go to school on weekdays. 3 school ， Bob and Sue often play games with 4 friends.

Classes begin 5 eight in the morning. Now Bob and sue are in their classrooms. They are listening to their 6 . Bob’s studying English. His teacher is talking 7 English. Sue’s 8 a Chinese class. Her teacher is talking 9 writing. They study hard. They love their teachers and they like their 10 .

l. A. but B. and C. or D. when

2. A. classes B. class C. lesson D. lessons

3. A. In B. When C. To D. At

4. A. his B. her C. other D. their

5. A. about B. in C. at D. on

6. A. friends B. father C. teacher D. teachers

7. A. with B. at C. in D. for

8. A. having B. listening C. getting D. sitting in

9. A. at B. about C. for D. like

10. A. home B. family C. school D. clothes

（二）

It is the 1 day of a new term. Everyone 2 very happy. They came to school early. 3 new English teacher is Mr. Hu. He 4 to his students. “Welcome 5 to school.” Mr. Hu 6 know their names. But he has 7 on a piece 8 paper（纸）. He wants to call their names. After that， a boy comes in， he is 9 . Mr Hu asks him to come to school 10 next time.

1. A. first B. one C. the first D. 1th

2. A. are B. be C. is D. look

3. A. It’s B. His C. Their D. Our

4. A. says B. speaks C. doesn’t say D. wants

5. A. back B. you C. us D. it

6. A. do B. isn’t C. doesn’t D. /

7. A. it B. them C. him D. that

8. A. of B. to C. in D. on

9. A. early B. tall C. short D. late

10. A. back B. early C. earlier D. late

（三）

There are nineteen boys and twenty-eight girls in our class. 1 of the boys is English. His 2 is Sam. He’s thirteen. Two of the 3 are American. They are twins. 4 names are Jane and Joy. They are twelve. They are my 5 . All of the other boys and girls are 6 . 7 all like the English boy and the American girls ， 8 they like us， too. We play games together（一起）. We help 9 and they help us.

Look， there come the twins！ They’re 10 this way. Let’s say hello to them.

l. A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four

2. A. school B. sister C. brother D. name

3. A. brothers B. sisters C. girls D. boys

4. A. Your B. Their C. Our D. Her

5. A. teachers B. friends C. brothers D. students

6. A. Chinese B. English C. American D. friends

7. A. They B. We C. Them D. Our

8. A. but B. or C. and D. so

9. A. her B. them C. him D. you

10. A. come B. go C. coming D. going

英语对于考博篇4

我参加的是全国英语统考，去年因为对自己英语水平的过分乐观，以一分之差被拒之门外。今年痛定思痛，最终一雪前耻，而且，在复试中也全靠外语上的优势才能脱颖而出。

首先是复习的时间，如果你的英语基础不扎实，或者想在英语成绩上有长足的进步，你最需要的不是学习窍门而是时间，我是从考前四个多月开始复习英语的，而且因为已经是第二年考，时间相对充裕，第一年考的战友提前五个月以上绝对是必要的，哪怕刚开始只投入很少的时间，英语是点滴积累的过程，想必大家都明白这个道理。

关于单词。很多战友曾经提出为了保证复习效率，建议放弃单词。实际上，如果你不是真的时间非常紧迫，我认为单词绝对是重点，只有扩展了词汇量，你才能在阅读、听力、作文等的复习中更快的融会贯通，不然你永远存在着瓶颈。去年，我就因为没系统的记单词，在复习过程中总感觉很没效率。今年，我首先花一个月的时间解决单词，我推荐的方法是“重复记忆法”。具体方法参照园子里一个题为“15天搞定考博单词”帖子，效果虽然没他吹嘘的这么神，但是还是很有帮助的，对我来说最重要的是按这个方法记单词不但更有效率，也能让人更加专注，不容易走神，更有计划，同时能增强自信心。但这个方法的确是很需要毅力的，特别在中期很难坚持下来。而且在完成一个月的单词作战后，后面的复习中还是要花一些时间快速的温习记过的单词。至于采用什么单词表，我没有更多的经验，我用的是蒋跃出的模拟题后面的单词表。

关于听力。园子里已经有很多人讲解过听力的重要性和如何准备听力，其30分的分值的确是拉分的利器。有前辈提出“边听边写”是提高听力的最可靠方法，但我感觉“写”实在是很浪费时间的一个事情，所以我是边听，边在心里默念重复听到句子，要做到你能分辨的出每个单词。一篇文章，你要反复的听，反复的听每个句子，甚至反复的听某个你觉得听了反应不过来的单词，这样才能最扎实的训练你的语感和听力的反应速度。当然，也要通过一些听力模拟题和真题进行实战训练，蒋跃的《听力一本通》就是不错的选择。

关于完形填空，这部分我个人觉得详细准备的价值不大，考的大多是语法，当然也有词汇和阅读能力，在其他的复习中可以一并加强。

关于阅读。个人感觉，花大量的时间在阅读的训练上是不明智的，其实大部分人阅读的能力相差不大，而且提高阅读水平的难度是各部分中最难的。但你必须要做的是熟悉考博英语阅读的题目类型，出题习惯，出题特点，比如考博英语中往往细节题考得比较多，而且往往文章阅读的难度不大，但题目出的思维很刁钻，这些可以参考一些考博英语阅读训练材料里的理论讲解，而不用大量的做他们的练习。当然真题中的阅读是要很认真的做，并且分析题目的。

关于写作。这部分往往是让人喜欢忽略的。其实这部分是最容易提高的。去年我只是在做真题的时候实战写了几篇作文，最后考试时，作文最终也是感觉稀里糊涂。今年，我参照的是《医学博士英语统一考试—写作教程》，梁平主编。里面会教你考博写作的框架和格式，然后通过大量的翻译训练，锻炼你的语言表达能力，同时减少写作时的语法错误和拼写错误，减少这些错误才是你写作取得高分的最重要保障。最后要在每次做真题时进行实战写作训练，并且通过对照范文，发现自己的不足。今年考试中的写作，当我完成时，我就感觉一定是15分以上的。

关于真题。这个是不得不仔细研究的东西。我个人觉得将最近的10份左右的真题放在最后2个月的时间做是比较合理的。平均一个星期左右做一份真题，并且要把每次真题的训练当成考试，严格按照实际考试的时间来做题，做完后，必须要大量的时间来分析这些题目。

考博英语作文总结篇5

开头万能公式：

1．开头万能公式一：名人名言

有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！

原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？经典句型：

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）更多经典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2．开头万能公式二：数字统计

原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： Honesty 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。Travel by Bike 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。Youth 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。更多句型：

A recent statistics shows that …

结尾万能公式：

1．结尾万能公式一：如此结论说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子： Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！更多过渡短语：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… 2．结尾万能公式二：如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作的“七项基本原则”：

一、长短句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题： As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！

强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、主题句原则

国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！

特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully

prepared before the exam（主题句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…

如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）

2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）

3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）

5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）

6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）8）most important of all, moreover, finally 9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）

建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！

四、短语优先原则

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其

一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其

二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如： I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：

走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room 小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room 所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！

六、多变句式原则 1）加法（串联）

都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and，但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说： I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式： Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短语可以用：

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 2）转折（拐弯抹角）

批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短语：

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3）因果（so, so, so）

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短语：

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that 4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）

有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。举例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分： When to go, Why he goes away… 5）附加（多此一举）

如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。6）排比（排山倒海句）

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（气势恢宏）

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、挑战极限原则既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：

The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！文章主体段落三大杀手锏：

一、举实例

思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型：

To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example

二、做比较

方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；

世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through

comparison）和不同点（through contrast）。下面是一些短语：相似的比较：

in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 相反的比较：

on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead，nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, …

三、换言之

没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。

实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我们举过的例子： I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短语：

中科院考博英语篇6

一、Television Program and Their Effect on children

Television programs regularly entertain, educate, effect and even frighten the majority of our children.Most children are allowed to watch whatever program is on, with little thought on the effect that particular show will have on a child.Most programs can be classed as beneficial or harmful, according to what effect the program might have on a child.The beneficial television programs are mainly thouse that educate the young.There are often specials on animal life.A few regular children’s programs develop the child’s interest in school-type learning by stressing numbers and the alphablt, and that encourages him or her to be creative.The beneficial commercials, such as those on anti-smoking, anti-litter, and health, should be included in this category.On the opposite side are the shows, which are generally harmful to children.Many commercials, especially those sponsoring the children’s programs, are deliberately written to create a desire for an unnecessary product such as sugar coated cereals and candy.All adult programs that include violence or sex scenes can at best fill a child’s mind with confusing or misleading ideas, and could possib ly harden the child to violence.Thoughtful parents will definitely not allow their children to view the bad programs.A child’s viewing time should be limited to watching educationlly benefical programs.二、―The younger generaton knows best‖

Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were.The same comments is made from generation to generation and it is always true.It has never been truer than ti is today.The young are better educated.They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom.They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents.They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideas of their elders.Events, which the older generation remembers vividly, are nothing more than past history.This is as it should be.Every new generation is different from the one preceded it.Today the difference is very marked indeed.The old always assume thaty they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer.They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened.And this precisely what the young are doing.They are questioning the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their complacency.They take leave to doubt that the older generation has created the best of all possible worlds.What they reject more than anything is conformity.Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery.Wouldn’t people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convict haircuts? If we turn our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solven their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat —race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that is important in life?

There are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly.Their record over the past forty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotless.Traditionally, the young have turned to their elders for guilance.Today, the situation might reversed.The old—if they are prepared to admit it — could learn a thing or two from their children.One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not ―sinful‖.Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life.It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure to shed restricting inhibitions.It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future.This emphasis on the present is only to be expressed because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constant threat of complete annihilation.This is their glorious heritage.Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it ?

三、How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities

With the development of modern industryu, more and more people are flowing into big cities.Accordingly, the housing problem in big cities is becoming more and more serious.People have offered many solutions to this problem.I think building satellite cities in the suburbs is more practical.The fresh air and beautiful secnery in the suburbs will be appealing to the city citizens, who suffer from air pollution, noises, etc.in the overcrowded city.With more people leaving the city, more space will be available for those remaining.The housinmg problem in big cities will thus be solved.四、Public Transportation

As part of domestic modernization, public transportation needs to be developed urgently in China.I can illustrate some examples.There does not only exist serious traffic jams but also crowded buses, underground and railways.Commuters find it hard to get to work on time due to overcrowded buses or tubes.Travelers could hardly get on buses in big cities during weedends owing to fewer buses and more people.When Spring Festival is drawing near, there is much greater –ressure on public transportation since it has to deal with a large number of travelers rushing home.And travelers need special arrangements to go home.In a word, public transportation has become bottleneck to the advanc of Chinese economy.To solve the above-mentioned problems, the departments concerned should carry out the following steps: to build more roads, highways or railways and to add buses or trains to the original lines.But ther funds have to be raised both from the government and the public.There are three sources for fund raising.One is to raise the fares for all kinds of all transportation vehicles.Another is to increase the prices for various vehicles on sale.The third is to raise the prices of petrol and diesel oil in addtion to the governmental funds.If all this money to raise the prices of petrol and diesel oiil in addtion to the governmental funds.If all this money collected is used to improve transportation services, the situation will be bettered and favorable.The third step to take is to introduce new technology in order to raise the efficiency of vehicles.For instance, the speed of trains can be increased as much as two times so that two times as many people can be held.In this way, the pressure on public transportation can be dramatically alleviated.So in a word, we need to introduce new technology to raise the speed of vehicles while having built even wider roads and added more efficient trains and huses.五、Human Education

The other day, a professor from Peking University gave a lecture ―Chinese Intellectuals and Written Cultural Text‖.In his lecture, he held that Chinese intellectuals have lost the written cultural text since the May 4th movement.His opinion set us thinking that the loss of traditional humane education resulted in a crisis of cultural education.With the rapid development of economy, the living standard of the Chinese people has improved a lot in terms of material wealth.In a period when economics take priority, people pay more aned more attention to profit.At present, moneymaking and pleasure seeking are becoming a popular fashion.On the other hand, there appears a barren field of spirit in today’s society.It has become unexpectedly hard to rebuild the paradise of traditional culture.Ideological confusion, moral decline and a chaotic cultural market, all this shows that it is the high time to have something done in order to tackle the problem of cultural orientation.Our times call for an ideal humane education.It is unwise to discard traditional Chinese culture as a whole.Some of the elements of this culture can be made use of in the reconstruction of our spiritual civilizaiton directly or wit5h some adaptation.Our attitude towards tradition should be ―discarding the dross and selecting the essence‖.The humane education of the past can serve as a supplement to our Marxist education.It should start from primary school.In this way, our children will get educated so as to be possessed of a perfect personality.The national morale will be deeply rooted in people’s mind, and will help push forward the growth of economy.To sum up, we can find it badly necessary to build up an ideal humane education.We should find an efficient way to develop our humane education and dig out5 more resources form traditional Chinese culture.六、Criticism on Television

A lot of people believe that television has a harmful effect on chldren.A few years ago, the same criticisms were made of the cinema.But although child psychoilogists have spent a great deal of time studying his problem, there is not much evidence that television brings about teenager’s crimes.For people in the modern worlds share the views of parents a hundred years ago.In those days, writers for children carefully avoided any reference to sex in their books, but had not inhibitions about including scenes of violence.The evidence collected suggests, however, that neither the subject, nor the action in itself frightens children.The context in which cruely or violence occurs is much more important.A good guide to what is psychologically healthy for a small child is therefore provided by a television series in which a boy and a girl are supposed to be exploring distant planets with their parents.In each story, they encounter strange monsters and find themselves in dangerous situations but the parents are reassuring and sensible, as a child’s paprents should be in real life.There is an adult character who is a coward and liar, but both the children are brave and , of course, every story ends happily.In my view, children should be exposed to the problems of real life as soon as possible, but they cannont help seeing these through news programs.When they are being entertained, the healthiest atmosphere is one which the hero and heroine are children like themselves who behave naturally and confidently in any situation.七、he ony thing people are interesed in today is earing more money

Once upon a time there lived a beautiful young woman and a handsome young man.They were very poor, but as they were deeply in love, they wanted to get married.The young people’s parents shook their heads.―You can’t get married yet.‖ They said.Wait till you get a good job with good prospects.So the young people waited until they found good jobs with good prospects and they were able to get married.They were still poor, of course, they didn’t have a house to live in or any furniture, but that did’t matter.They young man had a good job with good prospects, so large organizations lent him the money he needed to buy a house, some furniture, all the latest electrical appliances and a car.The couple lived happily ever after paying off debts for the rest of their lves.And so ends another modern romantic fable.We live in a materialistic society and are trained from our earlist years to be acquistive.Our possessions, yours and mine are clearly labeled from early childhood.When we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surpise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money you earn.We spend the whole of ourlives keeping up with our neighbors, the Joneses.If we buy a new television set , Jones is bound to buy a bigger and better one.If we buy a new car, we can be sure that Jones will go one better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for himself.The most amusing thing about this game is that Joneses and all the neighbors who are struggling frantically to keep up with them are spending borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc.It is not only affluent societies that people are obsessed with the idea of making more money.Consumer goods are desirable everywhere and modern industry deliberately sets out to create new markets.Gone are the days when industrial goods were made to last forever.The wheels of industry must be kept turning.Built-in obsolescence provides the means;goods are made to be discarded.Cars get tinnier and tinnier.You no sooner acquire this year’s model than you are thinking about its replacement.This materialistic outlook has seriously influenced education.Fewer and fewer young people these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake.Every course of studies must lead somewhere.i.e.to a bigger wage packet.The demand for skilled personnel for exceeds the supply and big companies compete with each other to recruit students before they have completed their studies.Tempting salaries and ―fringe benefits‖ are offered to them.Recruiting tactics of this kind have led to the brain drain, the process by which highly skilled people offer their services to the highest bidder.The wealthier nations deprive their poorer neighbors of their most able citizens.While Mammon is worshipped as never before, the rich get richers and the poor, poorer.八、Communication and Language

One of the first things we think about when we hear the word communication language.There are thousands of languages spoken around the world today.In fact, linguistis say that there may be as many as 10000.Speaking with others is an important means of communication, but we can also communicate without using words, that is by nonverbal communication.Nonverbal communication includes voice quality, eyes movement, facial expression and body movements such as gestures and change in body position.But many people do not realize that everyone uses nonverbal communication.Sometimes, we ―say‖ more with our face and gestures that we do with our voices.Books, magazines, newspapers, radio, television, are other means of communication.Today we can also communicate over long distance with the help of communications satellites.Some scientists say that soon machines will be developed for sending message through the earth.The technology necessary to build these machines is very complex.But the language we speak every day is much more complex than the most modern communication technology.九、Cooperation Goes with Competition

In our times, cooperation and competition spread over the world.Both of them speed up the wheel of economy and enrich the intelligence of mankind.It is possible to accomplish a complicated program by only one person now.As we know, the more cooperation a company depends on, the more efficient it will become in business.Furthermore, we can’t avoid competition in our exchanges.From time to time, we compare ourselves with others, expecting to catch up with others.This is the spirit of competition, by which we pursue the highest goal.It is only by competition in the market that a company can raise its reputation.Were it not for competition, say, all of us would not enjoy what we have achieved.十、he Rise of Intellectual Property Protection

英语完形填空题解题方略篇7

在完形填空题的训练中学生必须要采用正确而有效的方法。整体而不是割裂地理解一篇文章是做好完形填空的先决条件。大家一致认同的法则是读懂读透文章之后再谨慎地勾选答案———先完其意而后完其形。完形填空要想做对得多,就必须将短文剖析得深。事实上有不少学生对文章的理解往往不准确甚至想当然, 如此选出的答案就跟瞎蒙的没两样。这种猜谜似的做题做得再多,其结果犹如竹篮打水。那么,选择做什么样的试题能够收到比较好的效果呢? 这里笔者建议在选题时一定要以高考真题为主而以其它试题为辅。这是因为高考真题都是出自专家之手, 在命题、选材等方面都比其他模拟题严谨、合理得多。学生多做高考完型真题能够对高考的命题特点、变化趋势等做到心中有数。若想达到比较理想的效果就得持之以恒地训练。以下是笔者平时训练学生的几个步骤:

首先, 忽略空格并通读全文数遍以便掌握概要。阅读时切忌做答, 必须先跳过空格通读课文并获取整体感觉;必须理顺文路,捕捉要旨,明确文意;必须随时准备多读,若一遍读不懂不妨读上两三遍。务必牢记: 与其似懂非懂地做不如投笔不做。这是因为在没有将全文理解透彻的前提下尽管费时费力地做了一遍,而效果却不尽如人意。再者, 在阅读时要重视理解文章的首尾句并将它们作为解题的突破口, 因为它们通常是唯一完整的未被设空的句子,往往是文章的关键之所在,也就是被大家津津乐道的“题眼”。透过“题眼”我们不仅能够对课文的体裁、题材、时间、地点、人物、事件等做出判断,而且还能预知事情发展的结果、事件的结论、全文的概要等。

其次,综合考虑题干与选项后初步确定答案。具体做法是在吃透文意的前提下结合各个选项再次研读篇章,特别注意弄清楚上下文的词语匹配、语法类型、语义关联等,然后结合选项找出解题的线索。除综合考虑以上因素外,逐一分析、对比、筛选四个所给选项,从而初步确定答案。

再次,前后兼顾,先拿下简单题,再对付疑难题。做题一定要讲究策略, 对于那些一眼就可以看出来同时在该组中又没有任何干扰项的小题一定要及时勾选, 而对于那些不能立马确定答案的小题应当做出记号后暂时回避掉, 先继续做后面的题,最后再回头设法解决。最好按照已确定选项复读一遍课文,这样通过对文章的进一步理解,正确率会有显著的提高。最近几年高考完形填空已经不再注重考查语法而是重视考查学生根据上下文推断出文章走向的逻辑思维能力, 所以鲜有纯粹的语法题。现在的完形填空中句子结构和内容之间、句与句之间关联更加紧密。因此,学生仅靠语言知识是不够的, 要想确保完形填空的正确率还要靠对上下文之间逻辑关系的把握能力。

最后,复读全篇逐空对照查漏补缺。当选定所有备选项后再将所选答案一一回填到空格内,接着通读一遍全文并且复查每个空白, 留意初选答案是不是能使文义流畅连贯,语法是否正确,词语是否合乎英语表达习惯。若核查出答案尚有疑问或很难排除干扰选项,应当反复推敲甄别。

二、慎核答案

按照以上步骤做完完形填空题后学生就要核对答案。教师必须强调,在核对答案时学生要充分考虑上下文之间、段与段之间、开头与结尾之间的逻辑关系。学生做错一些题在所难免,但是教师要及时提醒他们特别注意做错的小题, 找出产生错误的原因以避免重蹈覆辙。

三、回填空格

也就是教师告知学生在不看参考答案的条件下通过再次阅读全文,把空白补充完整。特别提醒学生先做简单题然后做难题, 另外要充分利用上下文之间的逻辑关联。通过这种专门的操练,我们不仅能够培养学生的逻辑思维能力、良好的思维习惯以及图式建构能力, 而且长此以往他们对于语篇的理解和把握能力以及对词语的运用能力都会有明显的提高。通过坚持每两天完成一道完形填空的高考真题,经过一个学期后,学生再也不会畏惧完形填空题, 相反他们会觉得做起来游刃有余。此外,教师完全可以利用课本中的语篇填空题来训练学生的完形填空能力, 也一定会达到殊途同归的效果。

四、反复细读

高考英语完形填空解题攻略篇8

语境化选择题

语境化选择题常根据上下文语境来设题。此类设题体现出完形填空“词不离句，句不离文”的语境性特点，是完形填空的主要题型。语境化选择题总的解题原则是：基于语境，整体入手；行文分析，局部推敲；逻辑推理，作出判断。

1. 基于语境，整体入手

语篇是完形填空的信息载体，是解题的依据。要准确、快速地理解文章内容，必须把握作者的思路，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。因此在理解语境时，既要理解语篇的主旨大意，又要把握作者的写作意图、观点及其情感变化，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。情境不同，人物动作和心理状态及发展结果也会随之变化，因此做题时(特别是在做最后几题的时候)，不仅要看上下左右，还要看全篇内容走向。

例1：It might never have occurred to36(my brother) to write me if he had not been in a place where there were no37 . For him, writing was a necessity. It also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. Because we live in an age of38(easy) communication (通讯), people often39that they don't always have to phone or email. They have a40(choice). And that is to write. (2010年全国卷Ⅱ)

37. A. mail services B. transport services

C. phones D. relatives

39. A. believe B. decide C. argue D. forget

【解析】

37. C。根据题意可知，哥哥给我写信的原因是他所在的地方没有，选项中只有phones与文章的主题letters (书信)是相对应的(因为没有电话所以写信)，二者同属通讯工具，与文章第二段中的lost touch (失去联系)和下文中的get back in touch (重新取得联系)相符。

39. D。文章指出，在通讯发达的年代，人们忘记了他们还可以使用电话和邮件之外的通讯方式——写信。此处回归主题，呼应文章第一句“A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a powerful tool.”

2. 行文分析，局部推敲

做完形填空题时，仅理解一个单句是难以判断出答案的，需要联系上下文或前后句，寻找能直接或间接地暗示答案的信息词。这样的信息词一般与所填词语有一定的语意联系。

例2：The gentleman said no and told me that he 42 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his43 . He told me that she had been44for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be45 if he was a bit late. (2010年全国卷Ⅰ)

42. A. neededB. forgot

C. agreedD. happened

43. A. daughterB. wife

C. motherD. sister

44.A. late B. well

C. aroundD. there

45.A. lonelyB. worried

C. doubtfulD. hungry

【解析】

42. A。此处呼应第一段“... he was in a hurry for an appointment at 9:30”和第二段最后一句话“I asked him if he had another doctor's appointment”这两句话。此处对appointment (约会)做了解释：原来，老人“需要回疗养院去和某人吃饭”。因此，四个选项中needed最为合适。

43. B。四个选项均为表示家庭角色的名词。从最后一段第一句话“Now Ithat in marriages, that true love is of all that is.”可知，此处应填wife。

44. D。根据下文中叙述者的假设“if he was a bit late”可知，老人的妻子应该已经在约会地点(即nursing home)等了一会儿了。四个选项中只有there最合适，指代前面所说的nursing home。

45. B。根据常情，在医院看病的老人若约会迟到的话，他的妻子会担心。故选B。

3. 逻辑推理，作出判断

句与句之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语叫做语篇标识语。例如：表示结构层次的语篇标识语firstly、 secondly、 thirdly、finally等；表示因果关系的thus、therefore、so等；表示递进关系的moreover、furthermore、in addition等；表示转折关系的but、however、yet、whereas等；表示解释说明作用的that is、namely、in other words等；表示选择关系的or、 otherwise等。高考完形填空试题中，对语篇标识语的考查有两种：一种是考查根据前后句或上下句的逻辑关系判断选择语篇标识词；另一种是根据语篇标识语所表示的逻辑关系分析、推敲、判断，从而作出最佳选择。

例3：When Friday finally arrived, I had to46 (admit) Cassie's Egg Force One looked pretty good.47 , my Egg-cellent Egg Cream didn't look quite scientific. (2008年湖南卷)

47.A. ThereforeB. Anyway

C. Otherwise D. Besides

【解析】这篇文章讲的是一场同学间的摔蛋挑战赛——看谁能做出最好的蛋容器，让鸡蛋落下时不会被摔碎。这两句话的意思是：“到星期五比赛的时候，我不得不承认卡西的“蛋军一号”看起来相当不错。，我的“蛋霜之王”看起来相当不科学。”由此可知，前后是转折关系。四个选项中，只有anyway有让步转折的含义，意为“无论如何，不管怎样”，故选B。

例4：It was46(taking up) a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a47 : stay in school or leave to work on my magazine. (2005年山东卷)

47.A. suggestionB. decision

C. notice D. choice

【解析】根据表示选择关系的语篇标识语or可知，校长是让“我”从两件事中做出选择，要么继续留在学校，要么退学去办杂志。故选D。

词语辨析题

词语辨析题侧重考查动词辨析、动词短语辨析、名词辨析、形容词辨析和副词辨析。备选项通常不仅词性相同，而且词形相似，填入短文后一般均不存在语法错误，只存在不合上下文语境逻辑的错误。若能迅速地判断单词、词组和句型的意思，就能提高答题的准确率，也可以节省答题时间。辨别同义词的不同含义和熟词生义是考查考生对词汇掌握的重要途径，很多词语在不同的上下文中会有不同的意思。所以做题时切忌脱离语境，断章取义，而应结合上下文的语义线索，确定词语的意思，使所选择的答案语义贴切并符合语境。

1. 联系语境，正确理解词汇意义

例5：With a few turns, she slept again. Enviously (嫉妒地)49her sleep, I hoped a big mosquito would50on her face. (2007年四川卷)

49.A. having B. watching

C. making D. helping

50.A. landB. fly

C. fall D. wait

【解析】

49．B。Having和making在此处均为使役动词，意为“让她睡觉”，而helping意为“帮助”，都与修饰词enviously的语境不符；watching意为“观看”，因为“我”被蚊子叮得睡不着，所以嫉妒地看着她睡觉，符合逻辑。故B为正确选项。

50．A。这句话的意思是：“我希望有一只大蚊子落在她的脸上(叮她，把她弄醒)。”Land作动词时，本意为“靠岸, 靠陆；(飞机或宇宙飞船等)着陆”，此处为熟词生义，引申为“落下，停下”之意，即飞着的蚊子落在(停在)她的脸上，符合语境，为正确选项。Fly意为“飞”，在她脸上飞，这不合逻辑；fall意为“落下”，强调一个静态的物体从高处向低处掉落，不符合语境；wait意为“等”，在她的脸上等，显然也不符合语境。

2. 联系语境，分析、辨别同义词或近义词的含义及用法

例6： 33, the lady didn't take a bite. She sat there34her husband eat, and taking turns (轮流) sipping the drink. (2007年陕西卷)

33. A. SurprisinglyB. Sadly

C. ShockinglyD. Bitterly

34.A. seeingB. noticing

C. watchingD. finding

【解析】

33. A。这里考查副词辨析。B项意为“悲痛地”，D项意为“苦苦地，悲痛地”，但根据语境，老太太没有吃东西不至于让人感到悲痛，因此二者都不符合语境，可一并排除；A项和C项为近义词，均有“令人惊讶”之意，但C项侧重“令人震惊得害怕”，程度重于A项。老太太不吃东西，她的这种行为只是让人感到惊讶，而不至于使人震惊得害怕。故选A。

34. C。这里考查动词辨析。根据语境，老太太和她的丈夫正在一起用餐，由此排除表示“找到”之意的D项。其他三项为近义词，均有“看”之意，其中，A项意为“看见”，B项意为“注意到”，C项意为“观看”。A、B两项均强调看的结果，而C项侧重仔细观看某人或某事物的过程。由语境可知，老太太自己不吃东西，而是看着她的丈夫吃。故选C。

3. 联系上下文，辨析动词短语含义

高考完形填空题对动词短语辨析的考查形式有三：一是不同的动词与相同的介词或副词的搭配；二是相同的动词与不同的介词或副词的搭配；三是不同的动词与不同的介词或副词的搭配。因此，同学们平时在学习中要注意积累归纳一些构词能力特别强的动词(如have、 take、get、bring、call等)、介词(如in、on、with、for等)和副词(如down、up、away等)的相关词组。

例7：Robert Moody,52, is an experienced police officer. Much of his work involves dealing with16(drug) and gang (团伙) problems in the schools of his community. Knowing that many kids often17trouble, he decided to do something about it. So in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day18 . (2010年天津卷)

17. A. ran intoB. got over

C. left behind D. looked into

18. A. ahead B. away

C. off D. out

【解析】

17. A。由空格后的trouble和句意可知，此处是指“很多小孩陷入困境之中”。Run into trouble是固定搭配，意为“陷入困境”，符合题意。Get over意为“渡过；克服(困难)；(从疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来”等。Leave behind意为“忘了带；遗留；放弃”等。Look into意为“朝……里面看；调查，观察；浏览”等。

18. C。A day off是固定搭配，意为“不上班的一天，不干活的一天”。组织小孩去钓鱼应该是在休假的日子，所以选择off。

语法知识题

尽管高考完形填空中单纯考查语法的题目不多甚至有时没有，但并不意味着就不考查语法了。要做好完形填空题，即使是语境题，同样也要求我们熟悉并系统地掌握语法知识与常用的习语和句型结构，因为理解语篇离不开语法知识。高考完形填空题对语法知识的考查热点主要如下：

1. 考查对句子结构的分析

有些题目需要我们分析句式特点，把握句子结构，弄清主、谓、宾等成分，方可正确理解语境，作出正确选择。

例8：About a month later, I received a letter from Interstate, a large bus company that we had been trying to56to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time. (2007年湖北卷)

56.A. get B. force

C. requireD. hope

【解析】A。对该句进行语法分析、了解其句子结构是解题的关键。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词company，that在从句中作空格处动词的宾语。由此可知，这里要考查的是 sth. (the company) to do sth.。Get sb./ sth. to do sth.意为“使某人/某物做某事”，符合句意：我们一直试图让Interstate公司的公车中途停在我的旅馆旁边一段时间，给我带来生意。B项意为“强迫”，C项意为“要求”，均不合语境。而hope sb. to do sth.是错误用法，排除D项。故选A。

2. 考查对句子谓语动词的时态、语态、语气等语法形式的理解

高考完形填空一般不直接考查谓语动词的语法形式，但有时分析从句或主句的谓语动词形式可帮助我们正确理解句意，并能结合相关语法作出正确判断。

例9：My mother said she was proud of me, and when she 54 that I work at the snack bar again next year, I did not even shrug. (2007年湖南卷)

54.A. thoughtB. stated

C. announced D. suggested

【解析】D。根据that从句中使用了(should) work表虚拟的用法可知，空格处应用表“建议”之意的suggested。这句话的意思是：“当母亲建议我来年再来小吃部帮忙的时候，我甚至没有耸肩(即没有反对)。”故选D。

3. 考查复合句引导词的选用

高考完形填空中，经常考查复合句的引导词，尤其对what引导名词性从句的考查比较常见。

例10：That day he told his father45he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher. (2007年辽宁卷)

45. A. thatB. whatC. whichD. when

【解析】B。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句且在从句中作动词hear的宾语，由此排除在名词性从句中不作成分的that和在名词性从句中作状语的when。C项表特指，且需要明确的选择范围，不合语境，故选B。

4. 考查代词的指代作用